iClicker - exam 1

Which of the following applies to COVID-19? Select all that apply.
A. Communicability
B. Toxigenicity
C. Virulence
D. Pathogenicity
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Terms in this set (41)
Which of the following applies to COVID-19? Select all that apply.
A. Communicability
B. Toxigenicity
C. Virulence
D. Pathogenicity
A. Communicability
C. Virulence
D. Pathogenicity
Identify the following organisms:
Candida, Herpes, Trichomonas, Strep
A. Bacteria
B. Virus
C. Parasite
D. Fungi
A. Bacteria - Strep
B. Virus - Herpes
C. Parasite - Trichomonas
D. Fungi - Candida
Which of the following would be appropriate to use a disinfectant? An antiseptic? Select all that apply.
A. Surgical wounds
B. Exam tables
C. Intact skin
D.Surgical Instruments
E. Counter tops
A. Surgical wounds - antiseptic
B. Exam tables - disinfectant
C. Intact skin - antiseptic
D.Surgical Instruments - disinfectant
E. Counter tops - disinfectant
Which of the following do all bacteria have in common?
A. They are all the same shape
B. They all require a cell wall
C. They all need oxygen to reproduce
D. They are all Gram negative
B. They all require a cell wall
What does bacteriostatic mean?
A. Bacteria can no longer be eradicated by a specific antibiotic
B. The range of antibiotic activity
C. A laboratory test that determines which antibiotics will successfully treat a specific infection
D. An agent which inhibits the growth of bacteria
E. An agent which kills bacteria
D. An agent which inhibits the growth of bacteria
What does bactericidal mean?
A. Bacteria can no longer be eradicated by a specific antibiotic
B. The range of antibiotic activity
C. A laboratory test that determines which antibiotics will successfully treat a specific infection
D. An agent which inhibits the growth of bacteria
E. An agent which kills bacteria
E. An agent which kills bacteria
What does resistant mean?
A. Bacteria can no longer be eradicated by a specific antibiotic
B. The range of antibiotic activity
C. A laboratory test that determines which antibiotics will successfully treat a specific infection
D. An agent which inhibits the growth of bacteria
E. An agent which kills bacteria
A. Bacteria can no longer be eradicated by a specific antibiotic
What does sensitivity mean?
A. Bacteria can no longer be eradicated by a specific antibiotic
B. The range of antibiotic activity
C. A laboratory test that determines which antibiotics will successfully treat a specific infection
D. An agent which inhibits the growth of bacteria
E. An agent which kills bacteria
C. A laboratory test that determines which antibiotics will successfully treat a specific infection
What does spectrum mean?
A. Bacteria can no longer be eradicated by a specific antibiotic
B. The range of antibiotic activity
C. A laboratory test that determines which antibiotics will successfully treat a specific infection
D. An agent which inhibits the growth of bacteria
E. An agent which kills bacteria
B. The range of antibiotic activity
Which of the following of Clostridium species and Anthrax have in common?
A. The ability to form spores
B. They are both aerobic bacteria
C. They all cause tetanus
D. They all cause food poisoning
E. Their toxoids all have pharmacologic use
A. The ability to form spores
Which of the following disorders involve the inflammatory response? Select all that apply. A. Appendicitis B. Sprained ankle C. COVID-19 Infection D. Rheumatoid arthritis E. GoutA. Appendicitis B. Sprained ankle C. COVID-19 Infection D. Rheumatoid arthritis E. GoutWhich of the following signs and symptoms are characteristic of inflammation? Select all that apply. A. Swelling B. Shortness of breath C. Nausea and vomiting D. Redness E. ItchingA. Swelling D. Redness E. ItchingWhich of the following is the best initial treatment for acute, localized inflammation? A. Ice B. Heat C. Ibuprofen D. AcetaminophenA. IceWhich of the following was thought to be an advantage of COX-2 inhibitors versus aspirin or NSAIDs? A. Cost B. Less risk of upper GI bleeding C. More potent ant-inflammatory effects D. SafetyB. Less risk of upper GI bleedingWhich of the following is not associated with corticosteroid use? Select all that apply. A. Hypertension B. Diabetes C. Growth delay in children D. Cataract formation E. AsthmaE. AsthmaWhich of the following are benefits of treatment with acetaminophen? Select all that apply. A. Cost B. Anti-inflammatory properties C. Liver toxicity D. Safety E. No risk of upper GI bleedingA. Cost D. Safety E. No risk of upper GI bleedingWhich of these infections would stimulate memory B lymphocytes to provide lifelong immunity? A. The common cold B. Influenza C. Chickenpox D. COVID-19C. ChickenpoxWhat category would COVID-19 vaccines fall into? A. Attenuated B. Inactivated C. Toxoid D. RecombinantD. RecombinantWhich of the following best described the roles of T and B lymphocytes? A. Cytotoxic and helper T cells along with B lymphocytes directly kill bacteria B. Cytotoxic and helper T cells along with B lymphocytes are all involved in antibody production C. Cytotoxic and helper T cells provide cell-mediated immunity while B lymphocytes provide humoral immune responses D. Cytotoxic and helper T cells provide humoral immune responses while B lymphocytes provide cell-mediated immunityC. Cytotoxic and helper T cells provide cell-mediated immunity while B lymphocytes provide humoral immune responsesWhy are flulike symptoms likely side effects of immunostimulant therapy? A. Stimulation of innate immune responses B. Stimulation of memory B lymphocytes C. Stimulation of T lymphocytes D. Antibody productionC. Stimulation of T lymphocytesWhich of the following nosocomial infections are now commonly found in the community? Select all that apply. A. MRSA B. VRE C. C diff D. CREA. MRSA C. C diffWhich of the following scenarios best describes a superinfection? A. An infant taking amoxicillin for an ear infection develops oral thrush. B. A patient needs to take two different antibiotics for a wound infection based on a culture and sensitivity of the wound. C. A young women taking oral contraceptives is advised to use a back up method of birth control when prescribed doxycycline for Lyme disease. D. Culture and sensitivity shows a patient presumptively treated with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim needs a different antibiotic for treatment of a urinary tract infection.A. An infant taking amoxicillin for an ear infection develops oral thrush.Which of the following is not true about penicillin class antibiotics? A. A broad-spectrum penicillin has limited clinical utility. B. Penicillin class antibiotics have an excellent safety profile. C. Penicillin class antibiotics may be used in children and pregnant women. D. Penicillin was first mass produced after World War II.A. A broad-spectrum penicillin has limited clinical utility.Which of the following is false regarding cephalosporin antibiotics? Select all that apply. A. Subsequent generations of cephalosporins are broader spectrum than earlier generations. B. Vaginal yeast infections commonly occur in women prescribed a cephalosporin antibiotic. C. Cephalosporin antibiotics are safe for children and pregnant women. D. All patients with a penicillin allergy are allergic to cephalosporins.A. Subsequent generations of cephalosporins are broader spectrum than earlier generations. Select all that apply. D. All patients with a penicillin allergy are allergic to cephalosporins.Which of the following is false regarding tetracycline antibiotics? A. Tetracycline is effective for treating Lyme disease as well as genitourinary infections such as chlamydia. B. Tetracycline causes weakening and staining of dentin. C. Tetracycline is bactericidal. D. Medications such as antacids can interfere with the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics.C. Tetracycline is bactericidal.Which of the following severe adverse events occur with macrolide antibiotics but not penicillin or cephalosporin antibiotics? A. QT prolongation B. Superinfection C. Anaphylaxis D.Pseudomembranous colitisA. QT prolongationWhich of the following is true regarding aminoglycoside antibiotics? A. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are commonly prescribed oral antibiotics. B. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are commonly found in over-the-counter anti-infective topical products. C. Aminoglycoside antibiotics do not have any Black Box warnings. D. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are first line treatments fro unrinary tract infections caused by E. coli.B. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are commonly found in over-the-counter anti-infective topical products.Which of the following is a Black Box warning for all fluoroquinolone antibiotics? A. Pseudomembranous colitis B. Hepatotoxicity C. Tendon rupture D. PhotosensitivityC. Tendon ruptureWhich of the following is false regarding sulfonamide antibiotics? A. Sulfonamide antibiotics were first used prior to World War II. B. Sulfonamide antibiotics are not currently used in clinical practice due to resistance. C. Sulfonamide antibiotics typically cause gastrointestinal side effects. D. People allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics may also be allergic to thiazide antibiotics.B. Sulfonamide antibiotics are not currently used in clinical practice due to resistance.Which of the following miscellaneous antibiotics is very useful in clinical practice? A. Metronidazole B. Chloramphenicol C. Linezolid D. VancomycinA. MetronidazoleWhich of the following statements is false? A. Mycobacterial species are the causative agent of tuberculosis B. Fungal organisms are plant-like and rely on photosynthesis C. Protozoal, helminthic, and amebic infections are all parasitic infections D. A patient with a helminthic infection will have an elevated eosinophil countB. Fungal organisms are plant-like and rely on photosynthesisTB has been present for centuries and historically was a very significant public health threat. What aspect of treatment for TB supports the need for community health nurses? A. Medication toxicity B. Communicability C. Potential treatment noncompliance D. Lack of reliable screeningC. Potential treatment noncomplianceWhich of the following is true regarding antigun gal medications? Select all that apply. A. Localized fungal infections are commonly treated with over-the-counter anti fungal medications B. Systemic fungal infections are common nosocomial infections C. Medications for systemic fungal infections are well tolerated D. Fungal infections of the hair and scalp, as well as fingernails and toenails, often require systemic anti fungal therapyA. Localized fungal infections are commonly treated with over-the-counter anti fungal medications D. Fungal infections of the hair and scalp, as well as fingernails and toenails, often require systemic anti fungal therapyWhich of the following parasitic diseases is spread through a tick bite? A. Malaria B. Giardia C. Trichomonas D. BabesiosisD. BabesiosisMedications for helminthic infections include all the following except: A. Metronidazole B. Ivermectin C. Isoniazid D. MebendazoleC. IsoniazidWhich of the following best represents why chemotherapies are effective in killing cancer cells? A. All chemotherapies are administered intravenously B. All chemotherapies have anti-inflammatory properties C. Many chemotherapies target rapidly dividing cells D. Many chemotherapies have anti-infective propertiesC. Many chemotherapies target rapidly dividing cellsWhich of the following drugs is an alkylating agent? Hormone antagonist? Natural product? Antimetabolic? A. Methotrexate B. Cyclophosphamide C. Tamoxifen D. VinerstineAlkylating agent= Cyclophosphamide Hormone antagonist= Tamoxifen Natural product= Vinerstine Antimetabolic= MethotrexateWhich of the following organisms has the most in common with a virus? A. Mycobacterium species B. Tinea species C. Babesiosis D. GiardiaC. BabesiosisWhich of the following medications are used for HIV infection? Select all that apply. A. Ritonavir B. Zidovudine C. Acyclovir D. TenofovirA. Ritonavir B. Zidovudine D. TenofovirWhich statement about viral infections and/or their pharmacological treatment is false? A. Some viral infections are associated with malignancy B. Medications used to treat viral infections often interact with other medications C. Some viral infections are associated with birth defects in a fetus D.Resistance is not a problem with antiviral medications like it is with antibioticsD.Resistance is not a problem with antiviral medications like it is with antibioticsOf the following viral infections, which one is curable with antiviral therapy? A. Herpes simplex B. Influenza C. Rubeola D. Hepatitis CD. Hepatitis C