Chapter 1 - Learning and chapter check

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a hypothesis?
indisputable
accounts for existing data
testable
predicts future behavior or data
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of a hypothesis?
indisputable
accounts for existing data
testable
predicts future behavior or data
indisputable
It is appropriate to criticize a scientific theory by saying "it's only a theory" because it is a tentative explanation that accounts for the existing data.
T
F
F
Subduction zones occur at
a convergent boundary.
neither a divergent, convergent nor transform boundary.
a transform boundary.
a divergent boundary.
a convergent boundary.
Which of the following is least affected by convection heating?
wind
a volcano erupting
Earth's mantle
rain
Rain
How does convection cause the motion of plates that drives plate tectonics?
Radiation of heat causes the plates to move, which in turn causes convection
Convection blows the plates around the earth.
Cold, dense lithosphere sinks, while hot, low-density mantle rises to the surface at hot spots
Refraction of heat from the sun heats the plates, causing convection and the motion of the plates.
Cold, dense lithosphere sinks, while hot, low-density mantle rises to the surface at hot spots
Using the principle of Uniformitarianism, which makes the most sense?
A crater from 4 million years ago is similar to one from an impact last year; the ancient crater probably wasn't caused by an impact however.
A crater from 4 million years ago is similar to one from an impact last year; the ancient crater was probably also caused by an impact.
A crater from 4 million years ago is similar to one from an impact last year; the ancient crater must not be as ancient as scientists thought.
A crater from 4 million years ago is similar to one from an impact last year; the new crater must be a lot older than scientists thought.
A crater from 4 million years ago is similar to one from an impact last year; the ancient crater was probably also caused by an impact.
Why would a box on a shelf have a higher potential energy than that of a box on a lower shelf?
The box on the lower shelf was placed there after the higher box.
The box on the higher shelf is heavier
It took more work to move the box to the high shelf than to the low shelf
The box on the higher shelf experiences less gravitational pull; with less gravitational pull comes more weight, thus more potential energy.
The box on the higher shelf experiences less gravitational pull; with less gravitational pull comes more weight, thus more potential energy.
Geochemical studies of rocks show that Earth is approximately ________ years old.
500 million
30 billion
4.5 billion
6 thousand
4.5 billion
Uniformitarian principles cannot
closely predict the timing of upcoming geologic events.
forecast the severity of upcoming geologic events.
accurately describe past events.
predict where geologic events will likely occur in the future.
closely predict the timing of upcoming geologic events.
A scientist must always follow exactly the same sequence of steps when testing a hypothesis, no matter what the hypothesis states.
T
F
F
Which of the following statements is NOT true of a hypothesis? It is a widely accepted explanation for a phenomenon It may or may not be proven by experimental data It can be tested with scientific data It can provide predictionsIt is a widely accepted explanation for a phenomenonWhich layer of earth is broken into discrete, hundred-kilometer-thick slabs called plates? the asthenosphere the lithosphere the mantle the crustthe lithosphereWhere does most mountain-building activity actually occur on Earth? Mountain pressures that build up end up forming mountains in the middle of the tectonic plates. At tectonic plate boundaries. Anywhere on Earth where the necessary forces are evident. In the inner mantle, where force causes pressure to build up.At tectonic plate boundaries.Which sphere does not experience convection forces? the atmosphere the hydrosphere the biosphere the geospherethe biosphereConvection occurs in which of the following: Turning on a burner under a pot Inside Earth Ice in a glass of water Putting your warm hand on your cold face during a winter's morningInside EarthUniformitarian principles cannot closely predict the timing of upcoming geologic events. predict where geologic events will likely occur in the future. forecast the severity of upcoming geologic events. accurately describe past events.closely predict the timing of upcoming geologic events.The three layers of Earth are the oceanic crust, the continental crust, and the upper mantle. the crust, the mantle, and the core. the crust, the upper mantle, and the lower mantle. the lithosphere, the asthenosphere, and the atmosphere.the crust, the mantle, and the core.An explanation of a problem that accounts for existing data and predicts additional phenomena that should exist is called a principle hypothesis theory lawhypothesisWhich of the following is not a characteristic of a hypothesis? predicts future behavior or data accounts for existing data indisputable testableindisputablePlates move away from one another at neither a divergent, convergent nor transform boundary. a divergent boundary. a transform boundary. a convergent boundary.a divergent boundary.Where does most mountain-building activity actually occur on Earth? Anywhere on Earth where the necessary forces are evident. In the inner mantle, where force causes pressure to build up. Mountain pressures that build up end up forming mountains in the middle of the tectonic plates. At tectonic plate boundaries.At tectonic plate boundaries.Which sphere does not experience convection forces? the atmosphere the hydrosphere the biosphere the geospherethe biosphere