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part 37 of apush vocab (death)

Terms in this set (33)

Dwight Eisenhower
US general who led attack in North Africa and was master organizer of D-Day invasion in Europe. He ran for the president and won the election, becoming the 34th president of the US.
Joseph McCarthy
Senator from Wisconsin who rose to infamy because he accused the State Department of employing communists. He damaged countless careers before he finally went overboard when he went after the US Army. He was censured by the Senate. Died shortly of alcoholism
Earl Warren
Liberal Californian politician appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Known for moving the Court to the defense of civil and individual rights in cases such as Brown v. Board of Education, Griswold v. Connecticut, and Miranda v. Arizona
Rosa Parks
initiated the famous bus boycott in 1955 by refusing to give up her seat on public bus to a white passenger. Became a leading symbol in spirit of the Civil Rights Movement. Dedicated to racial equality throughout her long life
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Civil rights leader who rose to prominence with the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955. Outspoken advocate for black rights. Incredibly famous for his "I Have a Dream Speech". Assassinated in Memphis in 1968 while supporting sanitation workers' strike
Ho Chi Minh
Vietnamese revolutionary nationalist leader. Organized Vietnamese opposition to foreign occupation, first against the Japanese then the French. Became communist leader of North Vietnam and led war to unify the country in the great war known as the Vietnam War.
Ngo Dinh Diem
conservative anti-communist who overthrew Bao Dai, the emperor of southern Vietnam, when it seemed likely that a communist leader would be elected in the coming elections
Gamal Abdel Nasser
President of Egypt from 1956-1970. Known for pan-Arab nationalism and opposition to colonialism. He nationalized the Suez Canal. He remained a popular leader in Egypt and throughout the Arab world
Nikita Krushchev
Succeeded Stalin as head of Soviet Communist Party and became Soviet premier. Attempted to send missiles to Cuba in 1962 but backed down when confronted by JFK
Fidel Castro
Cuban revolutionary leader who overthrew the corrupt regime of dictator Fulgencio Batista and soon after established a Communist state. His connections with the Soviet Union led to diplomatic relations with the US in international affairs such as Bay of Pigs invasion and Cuban Missile Crisis.
John F. Kennedy
Youngest person to be ever elected President, defeating Nixon in a very near victory. Launched New Frontier programs and urged legislation to improve civil rights. Credited for the superb handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis. Assassinated in Dallas, Texas by Lee Harvey Oswald
Betty Friedan
Feminist author of "The Feminine Mystique". Her book sparked a new consciousness among suburban women and helped launch the second-wave feminist movement
McCarthyism
term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who used his position in Congress to baselessly accuse high-ranking government officials and other Americans of conspiracy with communism. It became a synonym for public charges of disloyalty without sufficient regard for evidence
"creeping socialism"
slow but sure move to increase the powers of government toward a socialist government
desegregation
the elimination of laws, customs, or practices to which difference races are restricted to specific or separate public facilities, neighborhoods, schools, and organizations. There was a trend during the 1950's and 60's to desegregate the military, schools, and other institutions
"massive retaliation"
new defense policy of the Eisenhower administration to threaten "massive retaliation" with nuclear weapons in response to any act of aggression by potential enemy
military industrial complex
symbiotic relationship between the military and industry in a country. Dwight D. Eisenhower warns the danger of such relationship to take control of the US in his farewell speech. This relationship would lead to national budgets being heavily weighed in the military's favor in order to support the economic stability that this relation seems to create
feminism
Feminism a desire and push for women's equal rights and treatment. Many feminist pushes were being made during this time
Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme Court decision that stated that racially segregated education, which prevailed in much of the South, was unconstitutional. Overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine that served as a legal justification for racial segregation since 1896
Plessy v. Ferguson
court decision that held that black institutions could be separate as long as they were made equal to white institutions. "separate but equal" doctrine. Overturned later by the Brown v. Board of Education case.
White Citizens' Councils
organization set up following Brown v. Board of Education that gained power in communities through boycotts and other strategies
Civil Rights Act of 1957
A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment. The law was passed during a period of great strength for the civil rights movement, and President Lyndon Johnson persuaded many reluctant members of Congress to support the law.
Geneva Conference
A conference between many countries that agreed to end hostilities and restore peace in French Indochina and Vietnam.
South East Asia Treaty Organization
SEATO was introduced by secretary Dulles as a prop for his shaky policy in Vietnam. (Similar to NATO)
Hungarian Revolt
the Hungarians tried to win their freedom from the Communist regime in 1956, they were crushed down by Soviet tanks. There was killing and slaughtering of the rebels going on by military forces.
Suez Crisis
July 26, 1956, Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal, Oct. 29, British, French and Israeli forces attacked Egypt. UN forced British to withdraw; made it clear Britain was no longer a world power
Eisenhower Doctrine
Policy of the US that it would defend the Middle East against attack by any Communist country
Landrum-Griffith Act
Eisenhower passed 1959; to watch labor unions; prohibited secondary boycotts and picketing
U-2 incident
An American U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union, deepening the Cold War antagonism between the two superpowers.
Sputnik
First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race.
"missile gap"
The United States and the Soviet Union were involved in a race to discover who had more missiles and war equipment. The missile gap was the difference in how much the United States had compared to how much the Soviet Union had.
National Defense Education Act
Provided funds for education and training in science, math and foreign languages.
The Feminine Mystique
written by Betty Friedan, journalist and mother of three children; described the problems of middle-class American women and the fact that women were being denied equality with men; said that women were kept from reaching their full human capacities
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