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Praxis 5015 - Social Studies Section

Terms in this set (43)

Typical Kindergarten SS Scope & Sequence
Immediate environment
Topics cover home, family and school
Typical First Grade SS Scope & Sequence
Continued exploration of the immediate environment
Typical Second Grade SS Scope & Sequence
Includes the local community
Typical Third Grade SS Scope & Sequence
History and geography of the local state
Can also include the history of the US and US holidays
Typical Fourth Grade SS Scope & Sequence
World regions and/or the history and geography of their state
Typical Fifth Grade SS Scope & Sequence
Extended American history and geography
Typical Sixth Grade SS Scope & Sequence
World history and world geography
Typical Seventh Grade SS Scope & Sequence
More in depth study of American history and/or state history
Typical Eighth Grade SS Scope & Sequence
Continued exploration of American history and introduction of civics
Systematic Inquiry
Requires students to gather information from several sources, organize it, and analyze it
Primary Sources
Sources written in the historical period being studied or by the historical figure being studied
Secondary Sources
Sources written about the historical period or figure
Including biographies, encyclopedia and historical texts
Primary Source Documents
-Court records
-Census data
-Letters
-Diaries
-Music
-Legal documents
Geography
The study of places on the earth
Geography's 5 Themes
1) Location - absolute and relative location used to identify where a specific landmark is found
2) Place - Names of states, cities, towns, countries and regions - Includes political science
3) Movement and Connections - how transportation and communication connect people all over the world and how these connections have grown and changed
4) Regions, Processes, and Patterns - Includes variations in economy, climate, politics, and culture within specific regions - Includes sociology, politics, and economics
5) Human Interaction w/ the Environment - how human beings make use of, change, and are limited by the environment - includes ecology
Absolute vs. Relative location
Relative location means to locate a place relative to other landmarks while absolute location is locating a place using a coordinate system.
Sociology
Sociology is the scientific study of human social behavior and its origins, development, organizations, and institutions.
Groups observed by sociologists include:
- populations of cities or towns
- families of various sizes
- organizations
- groups of the same gender
- groups of similar ages
- groups with specific characteristics, such as similar occupations or racial characteristics
Ecology
Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment, such as the interactions organisms have with each other and with their abiotic environment.
3 Major Concepts of how Humans and the Environment effect one another
- Human populations will modify an environment to meet their needs. This can lead either to improvement of the environment, or environmental destruction
- Cultural factors are influence by physical factors. The type of clothes, food, and shelter a particular group of people uses is determined largely by what is available
- Changes occur constantly. Populations change the environment and the environment itself changes due to human and geological factors
Factors that determine whether a location is suitable for
habitation
-Climate
-Altitude
-Presence of Water
-Types of Plants Present
-Density of Population
-Type of Government
-Existing Landforms
Physical Geography
The study of earth's attributes
Can include:
-Landforms (ex. mountains, rivers, deserts & plateaus)
-Types of soil
-Climate, altitude & rainfall
-Types and quantity of vegetation
-Movement and position of the earth
-Makeup of the atmosphere
Maps
Create a graphical representation of various positions of the earth
Concepts in Map Study
- Types of Maps
- Map Keys (includes the compass rose, map scale and legends)
- Measurement Grids (latitude and longitude, the equator, the tropics of cancer and capricorn, parallels and meridians)
Types of Maps
-Geologic
-Political
-Environmental
-Resource
-Topographical
-Themed
Meridian
Is the half of an imaginary great circle on the Earth's surface, terminated by the North Pole and the South Pole, connecting points of equal longitude.
Tropic of Cancer
Is the most northerly circle of latitude on the Earth at which the Sun may appear directly overhead at its culmination.
Tropic of Capricorn
Is the circle of latitude that contains the subsolar point on the December (or southern) solstice. It is thus the southernmost latitude where the Sun can be directly overhead. Its northern equivalent is the Tropic of Cancer.
Cultural Geography
Discusses how humans and animals interact with their environment
Physical Factors of the Environment can affect:
-Types of vegitation available
-Types of animals that can survive
-How accessible an area is
-What kind of shelter is available
-What kinds of physical resources are available
The 7 Continents
1) Africa
2) Asia
3) Europe
4) North America
5) South America
6) Australia
7) Antarctica
Ways to divide the world into regiousn
- by the 7 continents
- by N S E W hemispheres
- by climate regions
- latitude divisions
- political divisions
4 Major factors that lead to the movement of human populations
1) Physical - if a location does not provide the necessary resources or room for a population to thrive
2) Economic - move to an area where their economic needs are better met or where cost of living is lower
3) Political - changes in a political system may cause people to move, or they may move to a place they perceive to have a better political system
4) Cultural - may move to an area where the population is more culturally similar to themselves or where it is different
Anthropology
The study of human culture, both modern and prehistoric.
Tells us about how ancient cultures lived, worked and communicated
Examines how different existing cultures functionlanguage,
5 Major Divisions in the Field of Anthropology
1) Physical Anthropology - focuses on living humans and primates as well as fossil remains
2) Primatology - studies behavior of non-human primates
3) Archaeology - studies items and fossils left behind by prehistoric cultures and individuals
4) Ethnography - studies specific cultures by interacting with those cultures
5) Linguistic Anthropology - studies various human languages
Psychology
The study of human behavior, especially as it applies to individuals and small groups
Psychologists try to determine why people act the way they do, and help them overcome specific problems
3 Main Types of Psychologists
1) Cognitive psychologists - focus on the process of thinking and learning and how it occurs
2) Clinical psychologists - focus on abnormal behavior
3) Social psychologists - focus on behaviors of small groups of people
3 Goals of Assessment in the SS classroom
1) Keep track of student progress to be sure they are meeting learning goals
2) Stay aware of specific needs of individual students and classrooms
3) Make changes to instruction or teaching methods if necessary to meet individual students' needs
Society
The aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community.
Democracy
A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
Market Economy
A Market economy is an economy in which decisions regarding investment, production and distribution are based on supply and demand, and prices of goods and services are determined in a free price system.
Global Marketplace
All the customers or possible customers for a product or service in all areas of the world considered together:
Tools in the SS Classroom
-Maps (physical, topographic, political, and weather maps)
-Globes
-Ariel imagery
-Satellite images
-Graphs
-Tables
-Diagrams
-Graphic Organizers
-Pictures
-Real-World resouces
-Trade books
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