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Unit 11 Study Guide

Terms in this set (44)

SEATO
An asian alliance, set up by Secretary Dulles on the model of NATO to help support anti communist regime in South East Asia
Suez Canal Crisis
international crisis launched when Egyptian president Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal, which had been owned mostly by French and GB stock holders. Failed without aid from the US, turning point in post colonial Middle East -> oil now equaled important in worldly affairs
Supply Side Economics
"Reaganomics" emphasized cutting taxes and government spending in order to stimulate investment, productivity, and economic growth by private enterprise
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
proposed amendment to the constitution passed by congress and submitted to the states for ratification in 1971- outlawed discrimination based on gender, it was at first as a great victory by women rights groups, didn't pass nationally but many state governments did pass similar legislation
Détente
relaxation of tensions between the US and its two major communist rivals- the Soviets and China
Tet (Offensive 1968)
the New year in Vietnam (a massive surprise attack by the vietcong on the South Vietnamese towns and cities...turning point in the Vietnam war
U2 Incident
US U2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union. Eventually the US said the plane was used to spy on the USSR. Worsened East/West relations and embarrassed the US
Bay of Pigs
a US attempt to overthrow the newly established communist government in Cuba by sending cuban rebels. The coup ended in disaster due to lack of US support. Led to Cuban Missile Crisis
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
joint resolution of the US Congress in response to a minor naval engagement. It gave LBJ authorization without a formal declaration of war by Congress for military for in SE Asia (blank check)
War Powers Act of 1973
required Nixon and any future POTUS to report to congress within 48 hours after taking military action. Congress would have to approve military action lasting longer than 60 days. Resulted of the secret bombings in Cambodia
Supreme Court/ Civil Rights
Plessy v. Ferguson which was contrasted by Brown v. Board of Education... the Warren court helped a lot with this type of rulings
Brown v. Board of Education
Topeka Board of Education denied Linda Brown admittance to an all white school. Argued that separate but equal violated 14th amendment. Warren court ruled separate educational facilities were unequal
SNCC-Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
one of the principle organizations of the American Civil Rights Movement. It emerged from a series of student meetings... did sit ins and freedom rides. Participated in peaceful acts of integration and Civil Rights
Hungarian Revolt 1956
led by students and workers, it installed Liberal Communist Imre Nagy. Forced soviet soldiers to leave and promise free elections, revolutions was crushed by the USSR because the US didn't do anything to help the rebels
CIA 1953
conducted a coup in Iran when the government didn't comply with the massive west companies controlling the oil in Iran, the CIA installed a dictator -> lead to Iranian bitterness toward America
Eisenhower Doctrine
a doctrine used to provide financial assistance to free nations under communist threat, mainly targeted at the Middle East
Sputnik
Russian satellite launched in 1957. This caused massive amounts of $$ in space related programs and science education
Space Race
a competition of space exploration between the US and Soviet Union. Led to a great scientific advantages but also caused friction and insecurities
Vietnam (1954-1973)
a massive war in which the US was involved. Although the US won a majority of the battles, the N. vietnamese fighting style lead the US to eventually retreat (not officially caused a retreat).
Ngo Dinh Diem
Vietnamese leader who gained control of south vietnam; first supported by the US but after refusing to hold elections to keep from communism, he was killed by the US
Freedom Riders
Black and white volunteers who rode in buses (from DC to the deep South) to see of how far the south has integrated all of its people
LBJ
signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law along with the Voting RIghts Act of 1965. He had is war on poverty in his agenda and to win this war he set a few goals: The Great Society. His most important legislation was Medicare and Medicade
Great Society
LBJ's version of the Democratic program. In 1964, Congress passed many measures from this including Medicare and Medicade, Civil Rights legislations and federal aid to education
New Frontier
The campaign advocated by JFK in the 1960 election. He promised to revitalize the stagnant economy and enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights
Peace Corps
(JFK) volunteers who help 3rd world nations and prevent the spread of communism by getting rid of poverty. mainly in Latin America, Africa, and Asia
Civil Rights Act of 1964
the act outlawed segregation in public accommodations, established the Equal Employment Opportunity commission to enforce the law, made the federal government responsible for finding instances of discrimination, and made illegal discrimination based on race, religion, ethnicity, or gender. Didn't affect voting rights
Watts Riot 1965
1st large race riot after WWII. Result of a white cop striking a black protestor. Trigger a week of violence and anger revealing the resentment of blacks felt toward treatment toward them
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1964
abolished the "natural origins" quota and doubled the # of immigrants allowed to enter annually. Allowed close family members to be excluded from the count. Largely new immigrants from Asia and Latin America
Six Day War 1967
short conflict between Egypt and her allies against Israel. Israel won and took over land...the US backing of Israel led to the Oil Embargo
CIA involvement in Vietnam
LBJ authorized the CIA to investigate anti war activists...(that's all i got)
Three P's
of cultural upheaval in the 1960s: The Youthful population bulge, protest against racism and Vietnam War, and the apparent permanence of prosperity
Vietnamization
Nixon's policy that involved withdrawing 540,000 troops from South Vietnam over an extended period of time. It also included a gradual take over of the south Vietnamese taking responsibility of fighting their own war by US assistance with money, weapons, training, and advice
Chief Justice Earl Warren
he lead the court in far reaching racial, social, and political rulings, including school desegregation and protecting rights of persons accused of crimes, presided over Brown v. Board
Prayer in school
Engel v. Vitale; parents challenged public school requirement to recited a prayer at school. Court ruled that the government has no right to force prayer
Cease Fire Agreement 1973
Nixon launched the heaviest assault of the war when he ordered a 2 week bombing of N. Vietnam in an attempt to force the N. Vietnamese to the conference table. Eventually, they agreed to a cease fire, shaky peace= american retreat
Ninety Day Wage and Price Freeze
Because Nixon was worried about inflation. This was also to stimulate US exports. He took the US off the gold standard at this time too
Oil Embargo
After the US backed Israel in the Six Day War, Arab nations imposed an oil embargo which strictly limited oil in the US and caused a crisis
Phyllis Schlafly
a conservative female political activist. She stopped the ERA from being passed, seeing that it would hinder women more than help them
President Carter's Belief
the fundamental problem of the American economy in the late 1970s was the US dependence on foreign oil
New Right
out spoken conservative movement of the 80s that emphasized such "social issues" as opposition to abortion, the ERA, gay rights, and affirmative action
Boll Weevils
conservative southern democrats who supported Reagan's economic policies in Congress
New Left
In the 1960s, American students formed this. A student radicalism organization that was determined to build new politics
Glasnost
A policy of soviet government allowing free discussion of social problems
Ronald Reagan Goals (Foreign Policy)
support anti communist resistance movement in mainly the 3rd world
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