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Diseases of the Digestive System

Terms in this set (36)

Peptic Ulcer Disease - causative agent
Helicobacter pylori
Peptic Ulcer Disease - type of agent
bacterium
Peptic Ulcer Disease - treatment
Prilosec, Prevacid or Nexium to reduce stomach acidity. Metronidazole (Flagyl), clarithromycin, and amoxicillin, are used to eradicate bacteria.
Helicobacter pylori - transmission
Ingestion of contaminated water has long thought to be the route of transmission. More recently it has been linked to person-to-person transmission.
Dental caries - causative agents
Streptococcus mutans
Dental caries - transmission
Direct and indirect contact with saliva from an infected individual is how these bacteria can be transmitted. This can occur by sharing contaminated eating utensils, toothbrushes, cups, and by kissing.
Cholera - causative agent
Vibrio cholerae
Cholera - type of agent
bacterium
Cholera - prevention
Avoiding contaminated water and foods. Vaccination, but the efficacy is debatable or, at best, short-lived. Quick identification of cases of this disease goes far in preventing the spread of this disease.
Cholera - treatment
Rehydration therapy. Doxycycline or if bacteria are resistant to it, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin may be used.
C. perfringens gastroenteritis - transmission
Ingestion of high protein foods that have been contaminated with spores or have been improperly cooked or stored.
Viral gastroenteritis - causative agent
Rotavirus A
Viral gastroenteritis - transmission
Ingestion of feces-contaminated food and water. Food handlers can also spread the disease if their hygiene is poor. Some evidence for transmission on airborne droplets.
Vibrio gastroenteritis - transmission
Ingestion of contaminated raw seafood such as oysters, clams, crabs, or mussels.
Amebic dysentery - causative agent
Entamoeba histolytica
Amebic dysentery - type of agent
protist
Bacillary dysentery - causative agent
Shigella sp.
Hepatitis A - causative agent
HAV
Hepatitis A - treatment
There is no way to cure infection. Symptoms, however, may be alleviated. An immune globulin may be administered within 2 weeks of exposure to the virus.
Giardiasis - causative agent
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis - treatment
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Cryptosporidiosis - causative agent
Cryptosporidium parvum
Cryptosporidiosis - type of agent
protist
Staphylococcal food poisoning - prevention
Proper food preparation and storage. Since bacteria grow faster in warmer temperatures, foods should be stored properly after they are prepared with particular attention paid to storage volume, or amount, and packaging.
Mumps - type of agent
virus
Mumps - prevention
Immunization with a live attenuated strain.
Gingivitis - type of agent
bacterium
Gingivitis - treatment
Removal of plaque from teeth and gums is called scaling or root planing. In extreme cases, antibiotics can be prescribed or the tooth may be extracted. Other surgical methods may be employed to remove bacteria, plaque, and infected gingival tissues.
Gingivitis - prevention
Good oral hygiene, a change in diet away from sugary foods, and frequent visits to the dentist can prevent periodontal disease from either starting or progressing.
E. coli gastroenteritis - treatment
Oral rehydration therapy. Agents containing bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), can reduce the severity of symptoms.
Shigellosis - type of agent
bacterium
Shigellosis - treatment
Oral rehydration is required. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (together) can be used to shorten the time of infection.
Amebiasis - treatmet
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Salmonellosis - type of agent
bacterium
Salmonellosis - treatment
Oral rehydration is required. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (together) can be used to shorten the time of infection.
Camplylobacter gastroenteritis - type of agent
bacterium
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