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DP Biology Vocabulary - 5.4 Cladistics

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Analogous Trait

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Terms in this set (10)

Analogous Trait

trait structures which are similar because of convergent evolution.

Image: Analogous Trait

a group comprised of an ancestral species plus all of the species that have evolved from the organism.

Image: Clade

constructing a phylogenetic tree based on primitive and shared derived characteristics.

a diagram which shows groupings based on primitive and shared derived characteristics.

Convergent evolution

where species from different lineages show similar characteristics because they are subject to similar selection pressures.

Image: Convergent evolution

Divergent evolution

a pattern of evolution where an ancestral species evolves into a number of distinct species due to exposure of different populations to different selection pressures.

Image: Divergent evolution

a family of angiosperms.

Image: Figwort

Homologous trait

structures which are similar because of convergent evolution.

Image: Homologous trait

Molecular clock

using the number of differences in DNA or amino acid sequences to deduce how long ago species split.

Image: Molecular clock

mitochondrial DNA

A small amount of DNA that is located in the mitochondria of cells. It is circular and does not have repair mechanisms, it mutates at a regular rate.