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Ap Human Geography Chapter 5 Language

Terms in this set (23)

Accent
A distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class.
Dialect
A particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group.
Esperanto
An artificial language devised in 1887 as an international medium of communication, based on roots from the chief European languages.
Extinct Language
An extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.
Ideogram
A written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)
Isogloss
A geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.
Isolated Language
a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.
Language Branch
A Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance Branch of the Indo-European language family.
Language
The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.
Language Group
A Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.
Language Family
A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history
Lingua Franca
A Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages
Literary Tradition
A Language that is written as well as spoken
Monolingualism
The condition of being able to speak only a single language
Bilingualism
The ability to speak two languages
Multilingualism
The ability to speak multiple languages
Official Language
The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.
Orthography
The conventional spelling system of a language.
Pidgin
A Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.
Standard Language
The form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.
Toponym
a place name or a word derived from the name of a place
Trade Language
A language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.
Vernacular
Using a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language
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