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Music Fund. Final

Terms in this set (83)

Sound
Energy that moves through the air
Sharp (#)
Raises the pitch of a note a half step
Flat (b)
Lowers the pitch of a note a half step
Natural
Cancels a previous accidental
Double sharp (dotted x)
Raises the note a whole step
Double flat (bb)
Lowers the note a whole step
Enharmonic Spelling
One key with TWO names ( notating the same pitch with a different name)
Repeat signs
ll: :ll
Notes
Basic symbols for writing music
Pitch
highness or lowness of a sound
Draw a Treble clef (G Clef)
...
Draw a Bass clef (F Clef)
...
Ledger Lines
Are used to extend the staff in order to notate pitches above or below the five lines and four spaces
Rhythm
is action in time
Formata
hold symbol
Half step (semi-tone)
smallest measurable distance in music
Whole step (Whole-tone)
two half steps
Chromatic Semi-tone (CST)
Noticed with the same letter names
Diatonic Semi-Tones (DST)
Notated with two DIFFERENT letter names
Rhythmic notation
System used to indicate number of actions in music
Beat
the on going pulse
Tempo
the speed of the beat
Meter
is a group of beats
Measure
group of beats enclosed with bar lines
Down beat (strong or accented beat)
first beat of the measure
Time Signature
How many beats are in a measure, What note equals 1 beat
Metronome
Device that provides basic pulse at specific tempo
Diatonic scales
Identifies a scale that uses successive letter names and contains 5 WHOLE steps and 2 HALF steps
Scale Degrees
Notes on the diatonic scale
Constructing a MAJOR scale
5 Whole steps half steps between (3&4) and (7&8)
Tonality
All the pitches used in a piece
Tonic
Most prominent pitch, Pitch to which all others are drawn (end note)
Tonal Music
The music based on the the system of tonality
Melodies (Melody)
Musical action in time
Interval
The distance between any two pitches
Melodic Interval
one pitch after another
Harmonic Interval
Both pitches played at the same time
Inverted
When the lower or higher note is replaced by the same note an octave higher or lower
Stepwise
Melody that moves by 2nds, proceeds by step
Skips
Melody that has intervals in 3rds
Leaps
Intervals larger than 3
KEY Signatures
Organize the use of accidentals in Tonal Music
Circle of 5th's
Diagram that presents the order of the keys and the number of accidentals for each key in a logical way, starting with "C MAJOR"
Form
Describes the way music is organized or put together
Phrase
A musical statement leading to a pause or moment of rest
Cadence
Moment of rest
Cadences
Markers of a phrase design
Melodic Shape
The characteristic way the intervals of a melody create a particular contour as the pitches move up and down
Singing melodies
do, re, me, fa, so, la, ti, do,
D.C. Al Fine (Da capo al fine)
from the beginning to the end
D.S. (del sagno)
From the sign
Major Scale key signatures
Sharps -, F# C# D# B# A# E# B#
C, G D A E B F# C#

Flats - Bb Eb Ab Db Gb Cb Fb
C F B E A D G C
Steps to Transposing
1.) Identify the Original Key
2.) Notate the scale
3.) Write ou the scale degrees
4.) Mark each note of the melody with the proper scale degree
5.) notate the new keys scale
6.) notate the new scales scale degrees
7.) Match the pitches to the original
8.) Use the same Rhythm (beams, staff,flags)
Intervals Perfect vs Imperfect (see handout)
PERFECT
- Unisons (1) & Octaves (8)
-4ths & 5ths
- Augmented
- Perfect
- Diminished

IMPERFECT
-2nd, 3rd, 6th, 7th
- Augmented
- Major
- Minor
- Diminished
Natural Minor Scale
Half Steps between (2&3) and (5&6)
Harmonic Minor Scale
Natural Minor scale but raise 7th scale degree a half step TOO
Melodic Minor Scale
Compared to the Natural Minor scale RAISE the 6th AND 7th scale degrees a half step on the ascending side and Revert back on DESCENDING side
Relative Major and Minor keys
Keys with the same key signature
Parallel Major and Minor Keys
...
Inversions
- Always add up to 9
- Minors --> Majors
- Majors --> Minors
- Diminished --> Augmented
- Augmented --> Diminished
- Perfect -- Perfect
What are the three different types of Minor scale?
- Natural- Half steps between (2&3) and (5&6)
- Harmonic - Raise 7th scale degree up a half step
- Melodic - Raise 6th and 7th scale degrees ONTOP OF altering NATURAL SCALE and then convert to Natural scale when descending back down
Harmony
2 or more pitches heard together (entity)
Chord
3 or more pitches heard together
Triad
EXACTLY 3 pitches
Seven chords
...
The central pitch of a piece or the home tone is called...
tonic
Major scales have half steps between these scale degrees
3&4 and 7&8
The distance between any two pitches is called...
Interval
we describe a melody that moves by 2nd's as..
steps
A ______ scale has one of each letter name and uses only half steps and whole steps
diatonic
Highness or lowness of a sound
pitch
the grouping of beats
meter
The five accidentals are...
...
What scale only uses HALF steps
Chromatic
What scales use only WHOLE steps
Whole tone
The natural minor scale has half steps between these two pairs of scale degrees
(2&3) and (5&6)
The parallel Major for G minor is
G Major
The interval of a 5th can never be this quality
major/minor
An interval of a 3rd can never be this quality
Perfect
The three forms of the Minor scale are
natural
harmonic
melodic
the ____ form of the minor scale is the only form that uses some different pitches when it ascends and descends
Melodic
cadences
the markers of phrase design
Parallel Major and minor
when the major and minor both begin with the same note
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