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psychology chapter 9 "intelligence"

Terms in this set (22)

one characteristic that sets humans apart from other animals is
intelligence
achievement
the knowledge and skills gained from experience
intelligence
the abilities to learn from experience, to think rationally and to deal effectively with others
spearman's two factor theory of intelligence
he observed that people who do well on one type of intelligence test tend to do well on others, too. he suggested that general intelligence, which he labeled G
g factor
represents the abilities to reason and solve problems
thurstone's theory of primary mental abilities
his tests showed that instead of one general intelligence, there were seven "primary mental abilities": word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial visualization, facility with numbers, memory, reasoning, and perceptual speed.
gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
he proposed a set of seven intelligences, which he later expanded to nine.
sternberg's triarchic theory
breaks intelligence into three factors: analytical, practical, and creative
mental age
shows the intellectual level at which a child is functioning
intelligence quotient
number that reflects the relationship between a child's mental age and their chronological age.
IQ=
mental age/chronological age (100)
transformed score
any score that has been changed from a raw score in a systematic way. psychologists transform raw scores so that test results can be compared
the test reliability of test refers to its...
consistency
test-retest reliability
determined by comparing scores earned by the same person on the same test taken at different times
validity
measures what it is supposed to measure
mental retardation
having an IQ lower than 70
gifted
to possess outstanding talent or to show the potential for performing at remarkably high levels of accomplishment when compared with other people pf the same age, experience, or environment
prodigy
develops special skill in a particular talent in childhood
creativity
ability to invent new solutions to problems or to create original or ingenious materials
heritability
the extent to which variations in a trait from person to person can be explained by genetic factors
fluid intelligence
one's ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood
crystalized intelligence
one's accumulated acknowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age
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