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History Final Packet (#100-200)

Terms in this set (99)

Historically, peoples have tended to move west and south across the steppe mainly for reasons having to do with _______.
Climate
Membership in a Mongol clan was determined by the members claim of a common ________.
ancestor.
Immediately following the death of Genghis Khan, the Mongol Empire was ________.
expanded into other areas of Asia by his successors.
All of the following modern-day states were once part of the Mongol Empire EXCEPT
India
All of the following resulted from the repeated invasions of the Germanic tribes that led to the fall of the Roman Empire EXCEPT
the disruption of trade.
The leader who brought Christianity to the Franks was
Clovis
All of these Frankish leaders were part of the Carolingian Dynasty EXCEPT
Clovis
The Treaty of Verdun ended
civil war in the empire established by Charlemagne.
What was the ethnic background of the Vikings?
Germanic
Which of the following groups was called the Northmen?
Vikings
Which of the following is a synonym for serf?
Peasant
Under the system of feudalism, a fief belonged to which category?
Land Grant
A tithe was a payment made to which type of person?
A Priest
In the feudal system, what was a manor?
a lord's estate
Despite the fact that all of the following were forbidden in the code of chivalry, knights were rarely punished for...
brutality to the weak.
Knights most commonly traded military service for...
land
In 1100, the Holy Roman Empire covered most of
what is present-day Germany.
Canon law deals with issues under the authority of
the Church.
The person who was so famous for his red beard that he was nicknamed Barbarossa was...
Frederick I.
Considering the meaning of "lay investiture" and the controversy it created, it can be concluded that the word lay describes
people who are not members of the clergy.
the English king who led the Third Crusade
Richard the Lion-hearted
the organized effort to drive the Muslims out of Spain.
Reconquista
the most famous and respected Muslim leader of his age
Saladin
the Crusade that resulted in the capture of Jerusalem by the Christians and the creation of four Crusader states
First Crusade
the Crusade that resulted in the signing of a truce and an agreement to allow Christian pilgrims to visit Jerusalem
Third Crusade
Vernacular is the _______ of a place or region.
common language
In medieval Europe, the Church considered usury, _______, a sin.
lending money at interest
When the harness was improved, _______ could be successfully used for plowing and for pulling wagons.
Horses
Food production increased after about the year 800 when peasants adopted the _______ of farming.
three-field system
Thomas Aquinas is known for scholarly work that combined Christian belief with the ideas of the best thinkers of ancient _______.
Greece
Who led the Norman conquest of England?
William the Conqueror
Which of the following kings was the first to claim all of England as his personal property?
William the Conqueror
Who forced whom to sign the Magna Carta?
The English nobility forced John.
The Capetian Dynasty began in _______ in 987.
France
The Model Parliament met in _______ in 1295.
England
The Great Schism involved a dispute over who was the one true _______.
Pope
The bubonic plague killed approximately _______ of the population of Europe.
One third
The French troops who broke the siege of Orléans were led into battle by _______.
Joan of Arc
_______ was burned at the stake as a heretic for teaching that the Bible had greater authority than the pope.
Joan of Arc
When Pope Boniface VIII declared that monarchs must always obey popes, King Philip IV of France had the pope_______.
Imprisoned
Today's mestizos are descendants of _______ colonists and Native Americans
Spanish
Hernándo Cortés marched his force of about _____ men through Mexico to conquer the Aztec Empire.
600
In 1492, Christopher Columbus set sail _______ in search of a trade route to Asia and its riches.
west across the Atlantic Ocean
The _______ were Spanish explorers who conquered and colonized areas of what are now Mexico, South America, and the United States
Conquistadors
_______ and his army defeated the Inca by killing a largely unarmed group and then kidnapping and murdering their king.
Francisco Pizarro
The Dutch were ousted from North America by the _______.
English
_______ was the first permanent English settlement in North America.
Jamestown
______ covered much of what is now the midwestern United States and eastern Canada
New France
The Pilgrim settlers who founded ______ were mainly interested in religious freedom.
Plymouth
The group known as the _______ founded the colony known as Massachusetts Bay.
Puritans
As a result of the French and Indian War, the _______ seized control of nearly the entire eastern half of North America.
British
Which is NOT a reason that the English were interested in North America
Farming cash crops
What was the name of the trade between the Americas, Europe, and Africa?
Triangle Trade
The passage from Africa to the Americas for a slave was called _______.
Middle Passage
The first Europeans to engage in the Atlantic Slave Trade were _______.
The Spanish and Portuguese
African rulers helped deliver slaves to Europeans for goods.
True, it was to the Americas, but the Europeans were living their
The buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas was called the _________.
Atlantic Slave Trade
The leading carrier of enslaved Africans until 1807 was _________.
The Spanish and Portuguese
The ________ industry in the Portuguese colony of Brazil demanded a high number of laborers, often captured Africans.
Sugar
Besides breaking up African families and bringing about the deaths of thousands of Africans in the Americas, the slave trade devastated Africa by introducing _________ to the continent.
Guns
_______ is the magnificent palace built for Louis XIV.
Versailles
_______ was the conflict that was waged to prevent the union of the French and Spanish thrones.
War of the Spanish Succession
The first Russian ruler to adopt the title czar, meaning Caesar, was ________.
Ivan the Terrible.
Ivan the Terrible's cruelty was aimed mainly at
nobles (boyars)
At the time that Peter the Great took the throne, the most essential part of the Russian economy was ____.
serfs.
This king of England lost the English Civil War.
Charles I
This Puritan leader ruled England after the end of the English Civil War.
Oliver Cromwell
This Puritan leader abolished the monarchy and ruled as a military dictator.
Oliver Cromwell
This document made clear the limits on royal power after the Glorious Revolution.
Bill of Rights
This prevented monarchs from jailing people for purely political reasons and from indefinitely holding prisoners without trial.
Habeas Corpus
This great mathematician and physicist came up with a single theory of motion known as the law of universal gravitation.
Isaac Newton
This pioneer of the use of the scientific method in chemistry is considered the founder of modern chemistry.
Robert Boyle
This mathematician developed analytical geometry, which links algebra and geometry.
René Descartes
Among his many scientific discoveries are the law of the pendulum and the fact that falling objects accelerate at fixed and predictable rates.
Isaac Newton
The willingness of people to hand over their rights to a ruler in exchange for law and order in society was called the
Social Contract
The philosopher who believed that all people are born free and equal, with the rights to life, liberty, and property was?
John Locke
The Brilliant French satirist who frequently targets the clergy, the aristocracy, and the government was?
Voltaire
An influential French writer who wrote that "Power should be a check to power" was?
Baron de Montesquieu
French philosophe Jean Jacques Rousseau believed that the best form of government would be a?
Direct Democracy
This Enlightenment writer is known for their idea of Separation of Powers.
Baron de Montesquieu
When Third Estate delegates were forced to find a new meeting place, they made a pledge, called the __________, to continue their meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution.
Tennis Court Oath
Expecting trouble, Louis XVI called up mercenary troops. This action caused a rebellion that fueled a widespread emotional reaction called the __________.
Great Fear
The First Estate of the Estates-General was made up of __________.
Clergy
The Second Estate of the Estates-General was made up of __________.
Great Lords
The Third Estate of the Estates-General was made up of __________.
Commoners
This person claimed it was possible to build a "republic of virtue" by means of what came to be known as the Reign of Terror.
Maximilien Robespierre
This is the name of the government body that replaced the National Assembly.
Legislative Assembly
This describes the most conservative members of the Legislative Assembly.
right-wing
In 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte made himself the ________ of France.
Emperor
As part of his reform program, Napoleon set up lycées, or _______.
Public Schools
Great Britain responded French aggression with a __________ against France, which became the major cause of a war between Great Britain and the United States.
Blockade
Napoleon's last bid for power, called Hundred Days, ended with his defeat at the __________.
Battle of Waterloo
After suffering defeat at the hands of King Frederick William III of Prussia, Napoleon was exiled to the island of __________.
Elba
After Napoleon's last bid for power, called Hundred Days, ended he was exiled for a second time to _____.
St. Helena
In the 1700s, the process of enclosure tended to increase ______.
farming efficiency.
The crop rotation system that developed in Britain during the agricultural revolution increased crop yields
by increasing nutrients in the soil.
All of the following were results of the agricultural revolution in Britain EXCEPT that
the number of farmers increased.
The first area to undergo major industrialization was
textile production.
An entrepreneur is a type of
business person.
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