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Chapter 3 Biology

Terms in this set (26)

The rate at which organic matter is created by producers in an ecosystem is called
a. a limiting nutrient.
b. fertilization.
c. an algal bloom.
d. primary productivity.
d. primary productivity.
What is an organism that feeds only on plants called?
a. carnivore
b. herbivore
c. omnivore
d. detritivore
b. herbivore
Which type of pyramid shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic level in an ecosystem?
a. a numbers pyramid
b. an energy pyramid
c. a biomass pyramid
d. a food pyramid
c. a biomass pyramid
Which ecological inquiry method is an ecologist using when he or she enters an area periodically to count the population numbers of a certain species?
a. questioning
b. observing
c. experimenting
d. modeling
b. observing
Green plants are
Select one:
a. producers.
b. consumers.
c. herbivores.
d. omnivores.
a. producers.
Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy, some is used for the organism's life processes, and the rest is
Select one:
a. used in reproduction.
b. stored as body tissue.
c. stored as fat.
d. eliminated as heat.
d. eliminated as heat
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
Select one:
a. Communities make up species, which make up populations.
b. Populations make up species, which make up communities.
c. Species make up communities, which make up populations.
d. Species are grouped in populations, which make up communities.
d. Species are grouped in populations, which make up communities.
The algae at the beginning of the food chain in Figure 3-1 are
Select one:
a. consumers.
b. decomposers.
c. producers.
d. heterotrophs.
c. producers.
Which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live?
Select one:
a. chemosynthetic bacteria
b. algae
c. trees
d. photosynthetic bacteria
a. chemosynthetic bacteria
What animals eat both producers and consumers?
Select one:
a. herbivores
b. omnivores
c. chemotrophs
d. autotrophs
b. omnivores
Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead and decaying plants and animals are called
Select one:
a. decomposers.
b. omnivores.
c. autotrophs.
d. producers.
a. decomposers.
An organism that uses energy to produce its own food supply from inorganic compounds is called a(an)
Select one:
a. heterotroph.
b. consumer.
c. detritivore.
d. autotroph.
d. autotroph.
What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?
Select one:
a. carbohydrates
b. sunlight
c. water
d. carbon
b. sunlight
All of the members of a particular species that live in the same area are called a(an)
Select one:
a. biome.
b. population.
c. community.
d. ecosystem.
b. population.
The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the
Select one:
a. organic mass.
b. trophic mass.
c. energy mass.
d. biomass.
d. biomass.
A snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a
Select one:
a. first-level producer.
b. first-level consumer.
c. second-level producer.
d. third-level consumer.
d. third-level consumer
What is the process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air to ammonia?
Select one:
a. nitrogen fixation
b. excretion
c. decomposition
d. denitrification
a. nitrogen fixation
The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is a(an)
Select one:
a. population.
b. community.
c. ecosystem.
d. species.
b. community.
What is the combined portions of Earth called in which all living things exist?
Select one:
a. biome
b. community
c. ecosystem
d. biosphere
d. biosphere
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
Select one:
a. humans.
b. plants.
c. bacteria.
d. consumers.
c. bacteria.
An organism that cannot make its own food is called a(an)
Select one:
a. heterotroph.
b. chemotroph.
c. autotroph.
d. producer.
a. heterotroph.
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
Select one:
a. photosynthesis.
b. transpiration.
c. respiration.
d. decomposition.
b. transpiration.
The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because
Select one:
a. energy flows in one direction and nutrients recycle.
b. energy is limited in the biosphere and nutrients are always available.
c. nutrients flow in one direction and energy recycles.
d. energy forms chemical compounds and nutrients are lost as heat.
a. energy flows in one direction and nutrients recycle.
All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food
Select one:
a. interaction.
b. chain.
c. network.
d. web.
d. web.
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called
Select one:
a. economy.
b. modeling.
c. recycling.
d. ecology.
d. ecology.
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