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BJU US History Chapter 6

Terms in this set (51)

Gaspee
British customs ship that ran aground in Rhode Island and was burned by locals.
Committee of Correspondence
provided information to other areas of the colony on British threats to liberty
Tea Act of 1773
granted the East India Company a monopoly on the shipment and sale of English tea in America
Coercive Acts
a series of acts to punish colonists for the Boston Tea Party AKA The Intolerable Acts
Thomas Gage
replaced Governor Thomas Hutchinson in Massachusetts
Intolerable Acts
Patriot name for Coercive Acts
Quebec Act
made patriots fear a state religion
Continental Congress
Group formed in 1774, established militias
Declaration of American Rights
Drafted at 1st Continental Congress in 1774 and stated that Parliament had no authority over internal Colonial affairs.
Patrick Henry
Outspoken member of House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism with "Give me liberty or give me death" speech
Battles of Lexington and Concord
a 1775 conflict between colonial minutemen & British soldiers attempting to take the colonists' large store of arms; began the Revolutionary War
Patriots
Colonists who wanted independence from Britain
Loyalists
Colonists who were loyal to Britain
Tories
Another name for Loyalists
Hessians
German soldiers who fought for the British
Fort Ticonderoga
American revolutionary troops captured Fort Ticonderoga from the British in May 1775
Ethan Allen
captured Fort Ticonderoga with the "Green Mountain Boys"
George Washington
elected commander of the Continental Army
Bunker Hill
the first important battle of the American War of Independence (1775)
Henry Knox
ordered by General Washington to retrieve a British cannon from Ticonderoga
Olive Branch Petition
pledged loyalty to the king and requested his intervention in curbing Parliament's abusive exercise of power
Common Sense
pamphlet by Thomas Paine that solidified public opinion of the king
Thomas Paine
wrote Common Sense; Englishman turned Patriot
John Adams
helped write the Declaration of Independence along with Franklin, Sherman, Livingstone, and Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson
wrote the majority of the Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence
drafted on July 4, 1776 by Thomas Jefferson among others to declare independence from Britain
William Howe
replaced General Gage
Trenton
captured when Patriots defeated Hessian forces on Christmas night 1776
Princeton
captured when Washington surprised the thinly defended supply base of Cornwallis
John Burgoyne
British general in the American Revolution who captured Fort Ticonderoga but lost the battle of Saratoga in 1777 (1722-1792)
Battle of Brandywine
Cornwallis snuck up on Washington's camp at Brandywine Creek
Benedict Arnold
United States general and traitor in the American Revolution
Horatio Gates
Burgoyne was forced to surrender his command to this American general on October 17,1777 at the battle of Saratoga.
Daniel Morgan
soldier in the American Revolution who defeated the British in the Battle of Cowpens, South Carolina (1736-1802)
Saratoga campaign
Turning point of the war; Burgoyne forced to surrender his entire Northern Army
Valley Forge
Place where Washington's army spent the winter of 1777-1778, a 4th of troops died here from disease and malnutriton, Steuben comes and trains troops
Baron von Steuben
came to Valley Forge to serve as drillmaster for the Continental Army.
Battle of Monmouth
a pitched battle in New Jersey during the American Revolution (1778) that ended with the withdrawal of British forces
George Rogers Clark
Leader of a small Patriot force that captured British-controlled Fort Vincennes in the Ohio Valley in 1779., secured the Northwest Territory for America
Vincennes
victory at this fort in the west gave the Americans control of the Ohio River Valley during the war
Charleston
1780 British took it as a port
Charles Cornwallis
commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence
Camden
Where Cornwallis met Gates Patiot force on August 16th 1780 and crushed it
Francis Marion
South Carolina militia leader nicknamed the "Swamp Fox" for his hit-and-run attacks on the British during the American Revolution.
Kings Mountain
a 1780 Revolutionary War battle in South Carolina in which Patriots defeated a Loyalist militia
Nathanael Greene
American general of Rhode Island, helped to turn the tide against Cornwallis and his British army, used geography of land
Battle of Cowpens
a 1781 battle in south carolina where americans won a important victory over the british.
Guilford Court House
an N.C. battle in which General Cornwallis defeated the Patriots.
Yorktown
in 1781 during the American Revolution the British under Cornwallis surrendered after a siege of three weeks by American and French troops
Marquis de Lafayette
French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)
The Treaty of Paris, 1783
Ended the American Revolution and forced Britain to recognized the United States as an independent nation
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