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Hogan - Mental Health Disorders

Terms in this set (29)

Nursing interventions for PHOBIC DISORDERS
- accepting but not supporting phobia
- exploring client's perceptions of threats
- discussing feelings that may contribute to irrational fears
- identifying strategies for change
Symptoms of PANIC
- desire to escape
- chest pain
- chills or hot flashes
- choking sensations
- depersonalization
- dizziness
- nausea
- palpitations
- shortness of breath
- sweating
- trembling
- fear of loss of control
- mental illness
When should you conduct teaching for a client with OCD?
Conduct teaching immediately after completion of a ritual when the client is least anxious
When conducting an initial assessment for someone with a mood disorder, what should you keep in mind?
Conduct intake assessment in 15- to 20- min segments at a time b/c clients with depression do not have enough energy to talk or focus for extended periods of time and clients with mania may not be able to sit still and concentrate
What are common finding in MANIC states?
Weight loss, easy distraction from eating, inability to sit through routine meals, war or frightened appearance when offered food, physical signs of poor nutrition, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, hyperactive bowel sounds
When is an antidepressant effect usually seen?
Within 2 to 4 days
When is an antidepressant effect usually complete?
2 weeks
What is a general nursing consideration for a client with SCHIZOPHRENIA?
Avoid any physical contact or touching of client
What are the types of Cluster A personality disorders?
Paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
What are the types of Cluster B personality disorders?
Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
What are the types of Cluster C personality disorders?
Avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive
Paranoid personality disorder
Distrust and suspiciousness in which others' motives are interpreted as malevolent
Schizoid personality disorder
Detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotions
Schizotypal personality disorder
Acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behavior
Antisocial personality disorder
Disregard for and violation of rights of others
Borderline personality disorder
Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect; marked impulsivity
Histrionic personality disorder
Excessive emotionality and attention seeking
Narcissistic personality disorder
Grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy
Avoidant personality disorder
Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
Dependent personality disorder
Submissive and clinging behavior related to a need to be taken care of
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Preoccupation with orderliness, control, and perfectionism
What are nursing interventions for CONVERSION DISORDER?
- treat the symptom as "real" because client experiences it
- use problem solving approaches for dealing with conflicts and stressors
What are some nursing interventions for HYPOCHONDRIASIS?
- teach rational interpretation of body sensations
- assist resolution of family conflict about medical treatment and client distress
- nonpharmacological treatment of anxiety
What are some nursing interventions for BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER?
- respect preoccupation
- avoid challenging validity of client perceptions
- focus on coping techniques
- contact with client to increase social activities and relationships
What are some general nursing interventions for SOMATOFORM DISORDERS?
- avoid describing physical symptoms as "in client's head"
- note that symptoms are not an attempt to get attention
- recall that client does not create symptoms on purpose
- accept reality of symptoms as client presents them, avoid dispute
What are cholinesterase inhibitors such as tacrine (Cognex) or donepezil (Aricept) used for?
to slow the rate of decline in mild to moderate demensia
What is NMDA receptor antagonist memantine (Nemanda) used for?
to improve abnormal glutamate activity that may contribute to Alzheimer's disease
What are the physical symptoms of ANOREXIA?
- weight loss
- electrolyte imbalances
- Vital signs: decreased body temperature, pulse, BP
- GI: constipation, tooth and gum degeneration
- Skin: dry/scaly, cyanosis of extremities
- Neuromuscular: numbness of extremities, bone deterioration
- Amenorrhea for at least 3 cycles
- Reports of sleep distrubances
What are the physical assessment findings for BULIMIA?
- weight is normal
- electrolyte imbalances
- Cardiovascular: cardiac disease, HTN
- GI: tooth decay with loss of enamel, stomach ulcers, rectal bleeding, esophageal varices
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