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Cardiovascular System

Terms in this set (93)

Diastole
relaxation of the heart muscle allows blood flow into the coronary arteries. the aortic valve is closed due to back flow in the ascending arch.
Systole
Contraction of the heart muscle prevents filling of the coronary arteries. the aortic valve is open due to the expulsion of blood from the left ventricle.
What is the major venus drainage of the heart?
Coronary Sinus
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood ? True or False
True
The Left atrium receives oxygenated or deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins?
oxygenated
The superior vena cava brings ______________ blood from the head, neck, and upper body.
deoxygenated
The inferior vena cava brings ______________ blood from the liver and the lower body.
deoxygenated
The right atrium receives ____________ blood from the body and the heart.
deoxygenated
The right ventricle receives _____________ blood from the right atrium.
deoxygenated
The pulmonary valve prevents back flow into the right ventricle? True or False
True
The pulmonary trunk receives _____________ blood from the right ventricle.
deoxygenated
The pulmonary arteries convey blood ______ from the heart (to the lungs).
away
Blood in the lungs is oxygenated or deoxygenated ?
oxygenated
The pulmonary veins return ____________ blood to the heart (from the lungs).
oxygenated
The left atrium receives ___________ blood from the pulmonary veins.
oxygenated
The left ventricle receives ___________ blood from the left atrium.
oxygenated
The aortic valve prevents back flow into the left ventricle. True or False ?
TRUE
The aortic arch receives __________ blood from the left ventricle.
oxygenated
In the __________ ____________ the arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while the veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart.
pulmonary circulation
In the ________ _____________, the umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood back to the placenta, while the umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta.
fetal circulation.
During _______ (systole, diastole), the aortic valve is closed due to back flow of blood from the ascending aorta.
...
Which of the nodes is also known as the pacemaker ?
Sinoatrial (SA) node
the atrioventricular (AV) bundle is also known as ?
the bundle of His
Epicardium
lines outer surface of heart
Myocardium
muscle layer
Endocardium
lines inner surface of heart
Fibrous pericardium
tough outer layer of pericardial sac
Visceral pericardium
"epicardium" lines outer surface
Blood vessel wall from lumen out:
tunica interna, tunica media, tunica externa.
Tunica interna
endothelium lines blood vessel
Tunica media
muscular layer
Tunica externa
superficial layer known as the adventitia
The tunica internal contains elastic connective tissue which has ___ ____ and is found in areas that recoil when stretched such as in the walls of the _____.
elastic fibers, AORTA
Arteries have a thinner muscle layer, more elastic and collagen fibers than veins. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE, they have a thicker muscle layer, which is why vein are collapsible, while arteries can spring back into shape.
Circulatory System
aorta -> arteries -> arterioles -> capillaries -> venules -> veins -> vena cavae
The heart is supplied with oxygenated blood during diastole when which of the following valves is closed.
A. tricuspid valve
B. bicuspid valve
C. aortic valve
D. pulmonary valve
C. Aortic Valve
Venous blood drains from dural sinuses directly into the _____ and exits the cranium?

A. internal jugular veins
B. brachiocephalic veins
C. median cubital vein
D. common carotid artery
A. Internal Jugular Veins
What are the three major vessels that supply the brain ?
anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries.
The _________ and __________ are supplied with blood from the posterior blood supply which is derived from the vertebral arteries.
cerebellum, brainstem.
Where does the Pituitary Gland "sits" ?
in the sella turcica
The middle cerebra arteries supply the ____ _____
lateral surface
The anterior cerebral artery supply the ____ ____
medial surface
The anterior communicating artery connects ____ to ____ side
right to left side
The vertebral arteries fuse to form the ______ ______
basilar artery
HAL stands for H = ____ and _____, A = _____, L = ______
H = Head and Hands
A = arms
L = legs
In which lobe is the auditory cortex located ?
temporal lobe
In which lobe is the Wernicke's area located ?
parieto-temporal lobe
Wernicke's area
syntax and sentence structure
In which lobe is the Broca's area located ?
frontal lobe
Broca's area
motor speech, the articulation of speech
The Internal Carotid artery gives blood supply to ___
orbit
The Ophthalmic artery gives blood supply to _____
orbit
The Central Retinal artery runs in ____ to ____ ____
CN2 to Optic disc
The inferior sagittal sinus drains into the _____ _____
straight sinus
The superior sagittal sinus joins the straight sinus to form the _____ of _______
Confluens of Sinuses
The Confluens of Sinuses drain into the ______ _______
transverse sinuses
The transverse sinuses drain into the ____ _____
sigmoid sinuses
The sigmoid sinuses exit the cranium through the jugular foramen via the _____ ______ _____
Internal Jugular vein
Most of the venous blood from the cranium drains from the ___ ___, which drain into the _____ ____ ___.
dural sinuses.
Internal Jugular vein
What are the two routes that venous drainage follows ?
Route 1 (Lateral View )
Route 2 ( Cranial Fossae)
The facial veins communicate with the ______ ______.
ophthalmic veins.
The ophthalmic veins drain into the _______ ______
cavernous sinus
The cavernous sinus drains into the _____ and ______ _______ ______.
superior and inferior petrosal sinuses.
The superior and inferior petrosal sinuses drain into the _____ ____ which exit the cranium through the jugular foramen via the Internal Jugular vein.
sigmoid sinuses
What nerve makes you tingle if hit "funny bone" ?
Ulnar nerve
The medial epicondyle of humerus is the attachment site for flexors of forearm. TRUE OR FALSE ?
TRUE
What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) ?
a painful condition of the hand and fingers caused by compression of a major nerve where it passes over the carpal bones through a passage at the front of the wrist, alongside the flexor tendons of the hand. It may be caused by repetitive movements over a long period, or by fluid retention, and is characterized by sensations of tingling, numbness, or burning.
The ______ _______ _____ connects the cephalic and basilica vein .
median cubital vein
Superficial and deep veins (UPPER LIMB) both ultimately drain into the ______ _____.
Axillary vein
The Genicular arteries are located around the _____ (genu)
knee
The femoral vein is located under the inguinal ligament and it become the _______ ____ ____ which drains into the Inferior Vena Cava.
External Iliac vein
NAVEL is a memory tool that stands for ?
Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space, Lymph vessels.
The anterior and posterior intercostal aa. anastomose to form a horizontal vessel arc that spans a segment of the _______ ___
Thoracic wall
The left gastric artery supplies the _____ _____ of the stomach.
lesser curvature
The left gastroepiploic supplies the ______ ______ of the stomach.
greater curvature
Oxygen POOR, nutrient RICH venous blood is filtered by the _____
liver
The filtered blood joins oxygen poor blood from the systemic circulation via ______ ___
Hepatic vein
Blood from the placenta enters the fetus via the _________ ____ (highest oxygen content).
umbilical vein
Before birth, some blood enters the liver, but most bypasses the liver via the ______ _____ (1). The blood is shunted to the inferior vena cava (IVC) which takes it to the _____ ____ (2). Most of the blood flows directly through the ______ ______ (3) and into the left atrium, the left ventricle and out the aorta to supply the fetus with oxygenated blood.
1. ductus venosus.
2. Right atrium.
3. foramen ovale
the umbilical vein become the ______ _____
ligamentum teres
The ductus venosus becomes the ______ ______
ligamentum venosum
The foramen ovale becomes the ______ _____
fossa ovalis
The ductus arteriosus becomes the _____ _____
ligamentum arteriosum
The umbilical arteries become the _____ ______ _______
medial umbilical ligaments
What are the two shunts that bypass the fetal lungs ?
Route 1- through foramen ovale
Route 2- through ductus arterious
what is an atrial septal defect ?
is a malformation of the heart wall between the atria.
(BIRTH DEFECT)
What is a patent foramen ovale ?
is a type of atrial septal defect. (BIRTH DEFECT)
What is a ventricular septal defect ?
is a malformation of the heart wall between ventricles.
(BIRTH DEFECT)
The umbilical vein brings blood from ___ to ___
mom to fetus
The umbilical arteries take blood away from ____ to ____
fetus to mom
The Vitelline duct connects the gut tube with the ____ ____
yolk sac
Vitelline Fistula
if the vitalize duct remains patent, there is a direct connection between the mbilicus and the intestinal tract.
Urachal fistula
if the intra-embryonic part of the allantois remains patent, there is a direct connection between the umbilicus and the bladder.
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