OAT Physics Formulas

5.0 (1 review)
Velocity
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 137
Terms in this set (137)
Velocity
v=Δd/Δt (m/s)
Acceleration
a=Δv/Δt (m/s²)
Force
F=ma (N)
Newton
kg x m/s²
Work
Fd (J)
KE
½mv² (J)
PE (gravitational)
mgh (J)
Power (as related to work)
W/∆t=fv (J/s)
J/s
kg x m² / s²
Density
ρ=m/V(volume) (kg/m²)
PressureP=F/A (A=πr² for a circle) (Pascals)Hydrostatic Pressure (measured at a depth d from the surface of a liquid)pogd (Pascal) P=measured pressure, g=gravity, d=depth from surfacePascalkg/ms²SI Unit of Lengthm (meter)SI Unit of Masskg (kilogram)SI Unit of Times (second)SI Unit of Electric CurrentA (amperes)SI Unit of TemperatureK (kelvin)SI Unit of Luminous IntensityCd (candela)Derived Unit of Volumem³Derived Unit of ForceN (Newton)Derived Unit of Energy/WorkJ (Joule)Derived Unit of PowerW (Watt)Derived Unit of PressurePa (Pascal)Derived Unit of ChargeC (Coulomb)Derived Unit of ResistanceΩ (Ohms)Derived Unit of CapacitanceF (Farads)Pythagorean Theorema² + b² = c²VectorsMagnitude and directionScalarsMagnitude onlySin 90°1Sin 60°0.87Sin 30°0.5Sin 0°0Cos 90°0Cos 60°0.5Cos 30°0.87Cos 0°1Electric Field StrengthE=F/q (N/C)Force of an Electric FieldF=qE (N/C)Potential Energy (electric)PE = qVVoltageV = PE/q or V= IR or V= k q/rCurrentI=q/t (Amps)ResistanceR = V/I or R=p L/ACapacitanceC=Q/VMagnetic Field StrengthF=qvBsinθ or B=F/qvsinθ (Tesla) F=ILBsinθ or B=F/ILsinθSinθO/HCosθA/HTanθO/ADisplacement∆x (change in position)Kinematicsd= vt (no a) d= v(avg)t (constant a) d= v0t + ½at² (constant a) (just ½at² when starting from rest) vf²= v0² + 2ad (constant a - no time given)Projectile MotionTime to max ht: 0-v(yi)/g max ht: =v(yavg)t=v(yi)/2 x tup total time = 2t(up) Horizontal displacement: v(x)t(total)Newton's First LawAn object's velocity remains constant unless a net force is acting upon it (∑F=0, v=constant)Newton's Second Law∑F=maNewton's Third LawFor every force exerted by one object on a second object, there is an equal but opposite force by the second object on the first F(2-1)=-F(1-2)WeightW=mg (kg)Force of GravityF=G m₁m₂/r² (G=6.67x10⁻¹¹, on earth G=9.8m/s²)Kinetic FrictionFf= μ(k)F(N)Static FrictionFf= μ(s)mn(normal force)Centripetal Accelerationac= v²/rCentripetal ForceF= mv²/r=macTotal Mechanical EnergyE = KE+PEConservation of ME½mv²(i) + mgh(i) = ½mv²(f) + mgh(f) (no work done by conservative forces) W=∆E (work performed by nonconservative forces, ME is not conserved)Work Energy TheoremW=∆KEMomentump=mvImpulse-Momentum TheoremF∆t=∆mvCOLLISIONSSEE SHEETAngular Displacement∆θ (d= r)Angular Velocityω=∆θ/∆t (v=r ω)Angular Accelerationα=∆ ω/∆t (a=rα)SEE ROTATIONAL KINEMATICS EQUATIONSSEE ROTATIONAL KINEMATICS EQUATIONSCenter of Masst=m₁x₁ +m₂x₂..../m₁+m₂....Torque=Fx(lever arm) or t=IαInertiaI=∑mr² (for pt masses about an axis)Angular MomentumL=I ωRotational KE½ I ω²Specific Gravityp/p(water)p(h₂o)1000kg/m³Archimedes Principle (Buoyancy Force)W(fluid displaced)=p(fluid)V(submerged)g If floating, Fb=Wobject% submergedp(object)/p(fluid) x100Simple Harmonic Motionx=Acos ωt or x=Asin ωt or x=Acos (ωt + phase shift) (A=amplitude, ω=frequency factor)Frequency Factorω=2πf = 2π/TFrequencyf = 1/T T=time periodSpring Frequency Factorω=√k/m (whackem)Pendulum Frequency Factorω=√g/l (wiggle)Spring ForceF = -kx (k=spring constant, x=displacement from eq. position)Spring PE½kx²Hydraulic JackF₁/A₁ = F₂/A₂ A₁d₁=A₂D₂Flow Ratef = Av (A=CSA - circle = πr²)Bernoulli's EquationP₁ + ½pv₂(i) + pgy(t) = P₂ + ½pv₂² + pgy₂ (p1 up, p2 down)Soundλf=vSpeed of sound in gasesv = √P/pStanding Wavesλ(n)=2L/n (pipe open at both ends n=1,2,3,4) λ(n)=4L/n (pipe open at one end n=odd#)Intensity (MORE ON SHEET)I=P/A = P/4π²Doppler Effect SEE SHEET - SAME THING 2XFo=Fs v±Vo/V±vs Fo>Fs object and source are moving towards each other FsElasticity of Solidsmodulus x strainYoung's Modulus Stretching/CompressionF/A = Y ∆L/L₀Shear DeformationF/A = S ∆X/L₀Bulk Modulus Volume DeformationAP = -B∆V/V₀Coulomb's LawF = k q₁q₂/r²Electric Field due to a point chargeE = k q/r²Resistors in SeriesReq = R₁ + R₂ + ..... same current, diff voltageResistors in Parallel1/Req = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + .... diff current, same voltagePower (as related to current/electricity)P = VI = I²R = V²/RAC V(rms)V(rms) = V(max)/√2AC I(rms)I(rms) = I(max)/√2Parallel Plate CapacitorC = (k)ε₀ A/d V=EdPE in CapacitorPE = ½CV²Capacitors in Series1/Ceq = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + ....Capacitors in ParallelCeq = C₁ + C₂ + ....Charged Particle in Mag. FieldF = qvBsinθ RHR: thumb = v, fingers = B, palm = forceCurrent-carrying wire in a Magnetic FieldF = ILBsinθ RHR: thumb = I, fingers = B, palm = forceMagnetic Field due to a current carrying wireB = µ₀I/2πr RHR: thumb = I, fingers (curled) = BXXXXXXXXXXInto page (away from me)ooooooooooOut of page (towards me)Lightλf = vEnergy of a photonE = hf = hc/λLaw of ReflectionAngle of Incidence = Angle of reflectionSnell's Law of Refractionn₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂Index of refractionn = c/vTotal internal reflectionSinθ = n₂/n₁Double Slit Interference: Bright Fringesdsinθ = mλDouble Slit Interference: Dark Fringesdsinθ = (m+½)λDiffraction Grating: Bright Fringesdsinθ=mλSingle Slit Diffraction: Dark Fringesasinθ=mλThin Films2t=(m+½)λ(film) =no phase shift 2t=mλ(film)Mirrors and Lenses1/d₀+1/di=1/fMagnification-di/d₀=hi/h₀Focal lengthf=½RLens Strength1/f (diopters; f must be in meters)di>0real and inverteddi<0virtual and uprightm>0uprightm<0invertedv/t graph =read simply, no slope area = displacementx/t graph =use slope for velocity (x/t) displacement = use y axis1 atm =760 mmHg or 1.01 x 10⁵ Pa