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Chapter One Earth Science Vocab

Terms in this set (19)

Astronomy
Study of objects beyond Earth's atmosphere
Atmosphere
Blanket of glass surrounding Earth that contains about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and 1 percent other gases such as argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
Biosphere
All of Earth's organisms and the environments in which they live.
Environmental Science
Study of the interactions of humans with environment.
Geology
Study of materials that make up Earth and the process that form and change these materials, and the history of the planet and its life-forms since its origin.
Geosphere
The part of Earth from its surface to its center.
Hydrosphere
All the water in Earth's oceans, lakes, seas, rivers and glaciers plus all the water in the atmosphere.
Meteorology
The study of the atmosphere, which is the air surrounding Earth.
Oceanography
Study of Earth's oceans including the creatures that inhabit its waters, its physical and chemical properties, and the effects of human activities.
Control
Standard for comparison in an experiment.
Dependent Variable
Factor in an experiment that can change if the independent variable is changed.
Hypothesis
A testable explanation of a situation.
Independent Variable
Factor that is manipulated by the experimenter in an experiment.
Le Systeme International D'unites
Replacement for the metric system, based on decimal system using the number 10 as the base unit; includes the meter: (M), second (S), and kilogram (KG)
Scientific Methods
A series of problem-solving procedures that help scientist conduct experiments.
Scientific Notation
A method used by scientist to express a number as a value between 1 and 10 multiplied by the power of 10.
Scientific Law
A principal that describes the behavior of a natural phenomenon.
Scientific Model
An idea, a system, or a mathematical expression that represents the idea being explained.
Scientific Theory
An explanation based on many observations during experiments; valid only if consistent with observations, can be used to make testable predictions, and its the simplest explanation; can be changed or modified with the discovery of new data.
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