ESL Important Theorists

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Lazanov

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Developed the idea of "suggestopedia". Involves the use of playing music, visualization, breathing
exercises, environmental print, focus on communication rather than explicit "learning".

Curran

Developed Community Language Learning: Students sit in a circle and communicate about any
topic they wish, in first or second language. Teacher listens and/or translates when they use the
first language. Conversations are tape-recorded and written on the board, then teacher guides
students to generalize about language structures. Also called counseling learning.

Asher

Believed that there is a silent period wherein learners must be able to process and comprehend
their acquisition of a new language without having to reproduce it orally.
Invented Total Physical Response (TPR), wherein teacher models both words and actions together,
and students repeat. The main idea is that words and actions naturally go together and
by joining them through experience, students will understand the language more completely.

Bloomfield

A behavioralist who claimed linguistic phenomena could be observed and measured while isolated
from its environment.

Fries

Structural Linguistics: Grammatical system whereby elements and rules of a language are
listed and described, such as phonemes, words, and phrases. The elements are then ordered
linearly and learned orally as a set of habits. Repetition is very important as a means of memorization. Contrastive Analysis: A means of emphasizing the differences, or contrasts, between the students
native language and the language being learned.