40 terms
Child Psychology Test Bank #1
The study of human development may best be described as an attempt to understand:
how and why people change across the life span.
The study of human development is empirical, meaning that it is based on:
actual facts.
A crucial element of the science of human development is the:
focus on all kinds of people, young and old.
Traits, capacities, and limitations that we each receive from our biological parents are said to be a result of:
nature.
Even though both of LaMont's parents are less than 5ft, LaMont has grown to a height of 5'11''. His parents lived through the depression era, and LaMont has always had plenty of food and good medical care. His tall height is most likely a result of which of the following?
nurture.
When an emergent theory becomes a consistent and reoccuring source of research, and becomes comprehensive and widely applied, it has become what type of theory?
grand theory.
According to psychoanalytic theories, human development is mainly determined by:
our unconscious motives and drives.
Psychoanalytic theory views intrinsic drives and motives as the foundation for:
every aspect of thinking and behavior.
Which theorist was influenced by Greek drama and primitive art?
Sigmund Freud
Freud believed that all people experience _________ related to various parts of their bodies.
sensual satisfaction
The molecular basis of heredity is:
DNA.
Long strings of amino acids make up which of the following?
proteins.
The genetic code directs the synthesis of hundreds of different kinds of:
proteins.
Molecules of DNA make up which of the following?
chromosomes.
Every normal human body cell contains how many chromosomes?
23 pairs.
The germinal period ends approximately:
two weeks after conception.
How long is the fetal period?
From nine weeks after conception until birth.
The longest period of prenatal development is the:
fetal period.,
The fragile and tiny cell mass that is composed of cells from the duplicated, divided, and differentiated zygote is called:
a blastocyst.
By one weeks after conception, the multiplying cells have divided into outer cells enclosing a mass of inner cells. The inner cells will become the:
embryo.
The average North American newborn measures:
20 inches (51 cm)
The average newborn doubles her birth-weight in:
four months.
A typical child at 24 months weighs about:
30 pounds
Children reach half their adult height by age:
2 years.
Early weight gain is mainly:
increase in fat.
An average, or standard, measurement, calculated from many individuals within a specific group or population is known as a:
norm.
The Swiss scientist who emphasized that infants are active learners and that early learning is based on sensory and motor skills was:
Jean Piaget
Piaget called the infants' first period of cognitive development:
sensorimotor intelligence
According to Piaget, the core of intelligence is:
adaption.
During the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to:
use senses and motor skills to understand the world.
Which of the following is characteristic of the emotions that develop over the course of the first 2 years of life?
They are spontaneous and uncensored.
The emotion of anger usually appears at the age of:
4-8 months.
Which of the following emotions requires the greatest sophistication in an infant?
Pride.
Which of the following emotions are apparent at birth?
pleasure and apin
Which of the following develops at around 6 weeks of age?
the social smile.
The body mass index (BMI) is the lowest of the life span at age:
5
The average 6 year old from a developed nation weighs between:
40-50 pounds
Between the ages of 2 and 6, a well-nourished child will gain about ______ pounds and grow about ______ inches per year.
4.5 ; 3
Which of following is a reason why children of African descent vary more in body size than children of other ethnicity?
They are more genetically diverse.
Over the past 3 decades in Brazil, what has been the trend in children in terms of health and body growth?
Children have gone from being undernourished to over nourished.