- Family of one of the kings of Sparta - Descended from Procles - Lycurgus was part of this family
Agiad
o Other family of Spartan kings o Descended from Agis
Periokoi
- "those who dwell about" - Not citizens of Sparta - Lived around Sparta in the highlands of Laconia - Only Spartan people that were allowed to go to other cities - They would fight for Sparta but were not allowed to marry Spartan women or men
Helots
o "Captives/Slaves" o Majority of population around Sparta o Supported the Spartan citizens o Could be killed by the krypteia o Mostly from Spartan-conquered Mycenaean cities
Hoplite
o Citizen/Soldier of Sparta o Fought in a phalanx o 8 ft spear o Hoplon Shield
Olympia
o "Shine of the Hoplite Soldier"
Panoplia
o Complete suit of armor and weapons o Hoplites wore it o Protected not only one but part of the hoplite next to one in battle o 60-80 lbs
Gorgon
o Mythological sisters o Could turn men to stone at sight
Agon
o "Competitive Struggle" o Played a major role in Sparta
Apothetae
o "Infanticide" o "Place of Rejection" o Bad babies were thrown into a chasm at Mount Taygetos o There way of fixing the population to have the perfect people
Agoge
o "Rearing" o Men were in it from age 7 to 20 o The Spartan education o Trained men into fighters o Made the "earn" their citizenship
Buoy
o "wolfpack" o Group of young men in the agoge
Krypteia
o Not much known about them o Lurk around the helots o If a helot was acting up they would make them "disappear"
Temple of Artemis Ortheia
o Festival o 12 yr old boys would have to get the cheeses o 15 yr olds whip the boys while they go for the cheeses o Test of Endurance
Gymnopaedia
o Festival of naked children o The children would perform athletics and dance "war dances"
Gerousia
o The Spartan senate o 60 yr old Spartan men o Lycurgus made it o 30 members o Made laws for the Apella to vote on
Apella
o Every male homoioi in Sparta o Vote on laws o Lycurgus
Basileus
o Sparta had 2 kings o One would campaign o Other would stay in city o Roles of the kings would switch o Agias + Eurypontid
Melas Zomos
o Traditional Spartan meal o Black soup o Boiled pig parts
Polis
city, identity
Paen
sacred song
Phobos
fear that caused Greeks to evacuate when the Persians came