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The Americans 8.1: Religion Sparks Reform

Terms in this set (17)

Second Great Awakening
religious movement where individual responsibility for seeking salvation was emphasized. Rejection of predetermined fate and promotion of idea that people could improve themselves and their communities
Evangelist
religious activists, preached persona salvation
Charles Grandison Finney
religious preacher who gave emotional speeches hat prayed on people's fear of dammination, helping to increase church membership and congregational devotion
Revival
a religious gathering designed to reawaken faith through impassioned preaching and theatrics
African Methodist Episcopal Church
African American church where black preacher Richard Allen sought to strengthen faith, fight slavery and oppression
How did African Churches help fight slavery? (2pts)
Develops a political voice for slaves by hosting first abolition convention

Religious leaders claimed all people even slaves belonged to same God, promoted racial equality
Ralph Waldo Emerson
leader of transcendentalism movement. Urged Americans to forge their own culture, not to imitate Europe
Transcendentalism
Literary movement that emphasized living a simple life, self reliance, independent thinking and the primary f nature over materialism
Henry David Thoreau
author who lived alone in the woods to find personal freedom, avoid society's corrupting materialism. Early advocate for non-violent protest
Civil Disobedience
refusal to obey laws seen as unjust in an effort to bring about change
Unitarianism
emphasized reason over emotion promoted idea of "path to perfection" through community
Utopian Community
experimental community designed to be a perfect society, members lived in harmony
Shaker Communities
religious community with gender equality vows not to marry or have children
Dorothea Dix
wanted to fix prison system for inmates and mental health patients. Reform allowed insane patients to no longer be treated like criminals, instead sent to specialized institutions
Horace Mann
first MA secretary of education, leader of the public school reform movement
What changes to public education were championed by Horace Mann? (2pts)
Tax Payer supported public schools for all students, not just the wealthy Teacher training programs to better incorporate the curriculum
2nd Great Awakening
Evangelical movement

African Methodist Episcopal Church

Transcendentalism

School and Prison reform
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