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History vocabulary 1.1-1.4

Terms in this set (42)

theory
is a possible explanation
continental drift
movement of the Earth's plates
fault
is a crack in the Earth's crust along which movement occurs
magma
molten rock
lava
magma that has reached the surface
weathering
is the wearing away of rock
glaciers
are thick masses of ice formed in areas where more snow falls than melts
erosion
is the carrying away of land by forces of nature
deposition
building of sediment
delta
a triangle shaped peace of land
trench
ocean valley
currents
streams of ocean water
tidal waves
giant waves that are more than 100 feet high
tides
are the regular, rhythmic rise and fall of the oceans
water cycle
the circulation of water from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back
tributary
a small river that feeds into a larger river
river system
a river and all its tributaries
drainage basin
the land area drained by a river system
rift
huge crack
reservoir
a lake that forms behind a human made dam
latitude
is the distance north or south of the equator
equator
is the line on a globe that circles Earth halfway between the North Pole
longitude
is the distance east or west of the line that runs north and south through Greenwich, England, near the city of London
prime meridian
the _________ running through Greenwich is called the
climate
is the kind of weather a place has over a long period of time
temperate
neither very hot nor very cold
tropic
refers to the area on Earth between the two latitudes
altitude
the elevation
rain shadow
the drier side of the mountain is often said to be in the ____________
vegetation
plant life
rain forests
with thick vegetation and tall trees are found in some tropical regions
arid
dry
population distribution
the way the human population is spread over Earth's surface
environments
surroundings
irrigation
is the use of connected ditches, canals, or pipes to carry water to dry areas
desertification
the change of fertile land into desert land
drought
long period of dry weather
migration
movement of people
urbanization
the movement of people from the countryside to the cities
metropolitan areas
the big cities and the sprawling suburbs that surround them
thematic map
focuses on one topic or subject
population density
is the number of people who live in 1 square mile or 1 square kilometer of land
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