Civil War (U.S. History)

Terms in this set (144)

When Americans began to expand to French territory, what was this called?

westward expansion

What was the French territory left over after the French and Indian War called?

Louisiana Territory

What doubled the size of the United States?

Louisiana Purchase

Who explored the Louisiana Territory?

Lewis and Clark

What did manifest destiny mean?

it was "evident" that it was "bound to happen"

What saying is associated with manifest destiny?

"from sea to shining sea"

When were the Indian wars?

The Indians fought on the side of the ______________ because they were promised _____________

Name 2 things Indians choose between during the Indian Wars.

signing treaties with the U.S.
war

Over _________ treaties have been broken with Native Americans.

What was the name of the painful journey in which 16000 Native Americans were forced to "relocate" ?

How many died on the Trail of Tears?

An example of culture clash was the ______________, whom held rituals to honor women and introduced men into manhood by using hooks and tree trunks?

African American soldiers who fought against other groups of color were known as?

Buffalo soldiers

What occurrence reached out to people who were not Christians, including slaves and Native Americans?

2nd Great Awakening

Traveling preachers in the 2nd Great Awakening were known as?

2nd Great Awakening inspired a wave of social activism that included what? (4)

fighting alcohol abuse
caring for the handicapped and mentally ill
efforts to reform prisons
abolition of slavery

What was the triangle slave trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New World called?

The machine that greatly reduced the amount of time and work required to remove the seeds from cotton is called?

Who introduced the cotton gin?

An extreme allegiance to one's own local interests is known as?

During the years of enslavement African Americans created a unique musical form that combines many African musical styles with the text of Protestant hymns. What was this called?

gospel tradition

Who helped more than 300 people escape from slavery despite rewards of $40,000 for her capture?

This man's former slave owner demanded that he return or pay her $1000 for his freedom and the horse he stole. Who was this?

This enslaved preacher led 75 armed followers in a rebellion against slavery. Who was this?

The war between the United States and Mexico ended with...?

the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

People who had escaped from slavery and were running from the law were known as?

What were the 4 compromise resolutions the became the Compromise of 1850?

1. California admitted to the Union as free state
2. territorial governments in Utah and New Mexico let people decide the slavery issue
3. slave trade - not slavery - was prohibited in District of Colombia
4. new fugitive slave law

Who introduced the compromise resolutions of the Compromise of 1850?

Senator Henry Clay

What was the name in which a line was established to determine which states were allowed to have slavery?

Missouri Compromise (36°30')

What was the name in which Kansas and Nebraska got to decide by vote whether their state would be slave free?

Kansas-Nebraska Act

What was the catchword for the escalating violence over slavery in Kansas?

"Bleeding Kansas"

Who led an interracial band of 21 men in an attack on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry?

Formal withdrawal (from a nation) is known as?

What was the name of the words that President Lincoln stated to honor soldiers who had fallen in the Battle of Gettysburg?

the Gettysburg Address

Liberation from slavery was known as?

Murder in ruthless mob attacks is known as?

Who was commander of all Union forces and fought during the Mexican American war?

Ulysses S. Grant

Destroying buildings, crops, or anything that could be of use to the enemy is known as?

scorched earth policy

Who shot President Lincoln?

John Wilkes Booth

Those who left their homes to make better live-in the dusty new land were called...?

Who assumed presidency after Lincoln's assassination?

Johnson granted a __________________, or pardon, to Confederates who would sign an oath of loyalty to the Union.

When Congress reconvened in December 1865, it refused to seat newly elected __________________ representatives.

Laws that severely restricted the rights of newly freed African Americans were known as?

What is the process of restoring relations with the Confederate states?

What was the group that were strongly antislavery and were not willing to forgive the confederates?

Radical Republicans

Who was the Radical Republican leader in Congress who wanted African Americans to receive full rights as citizens?

Thaddeus Stevens

What was a system in which a wealthy patron would give seeds, supplies, and a small parcel of land to a farmer in exchange for a portion of the crop?

What granted citizenship to African Americans and prohibited states from diminishing the rights accompanying this citizenship?

Civil Rights Act

What empowered federal authorities to prosecute anyone who violated the 14th or 15th Amendments?

Enforcement Act of 1870

What was a white supremacist organization that began terrorizing African American's?

What was established to provide African Americans with food, teachers, legal aid, and other assistance?

Freedman's Bureau

What did white Southerners call Northern transplants to mock them for arriving in the South with only possessions they had been able to stuff inside their luggage?

What involved redividing voting districts to decrease African American representation in a particular area?

What Republican ran for president appealed to both the North and South?

Rutherford B. Hayes

During who's presidency did they Supreme Court nullify the Civil Rights Act of 1875?

Chester A. Arthur

What was it called to burn the owner's name into a slave (usually on the back) ?

What were two types of slaves, and what type was sometimes considered part of the family?

field slaves
house slaves (sometimes considered part of family)

It was NOT a crime to __________ an African American woman.

A series of safe houses for slaves to escape to the North was called?

Underground railroad

This law required that slaves be returned to owners if missing, and sometimes even rewards were given to return them.

Fugitive slave law

What percentage of white Southerners did NOT own slaves?

What were two main reasons why Southerners who did not own slaves still didn't want to abolish slavery?

- social class
- they could not afford slaves

Some (the Southerners) say the Civil War was fought over...?

States' Rights (specifically, the right of states to decide on slavery)

What was the case in which Supreme Court ruled that enslaved people were not entitled to use the courts, and that slaves and their descendants can never be citizens.

Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857)

Some say the the Civil War was fought over (money)..?

By 1840, what was the most exported product than all other major products combined?

By 1860, the institution of slavery was more profitable than _________, _______________, and ____________ combined.

banks
factories
railroads

The election of 1860 was ______________ vs. ______________.

Lincoln (won) vs. Douglas

What was the first state to secede?

The states that seceded called themselves...?

the Confederate States of America

Who was the only president of the Confederate States of America?

Jefferson Davis

What years were the civil war?

What was the event that highlighted the beginning of the civil war?

Fort Sumter (1861)

What happened in Fort Sumter?

1. South Carolina wanted control of federal forts in Charleston.
2. U.S. government refused.
3. Confederates bomb the fort. No one died. Fort is surrendered to Confederacy.

How many Americans died in the civil war?

Abraham Lincoln is known as the ______________ ________________.

Great Emancipator

What proclamation did Lincoln declare "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free" ?

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

However, in the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln allowed ______________ states to keep their slaves.

When were all slaves actually freed?

The election of 1864 was ________________ vs. _______________

Lincoln (won) vs. McClellan

Lincoln's #1 goal when running for president was to?

keep the Union together

What was Lincoln's occupation before he was a senator?

What time period was restoring relations with Confederate states?

Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Who were the extremists who wanted the South to "pay" ?

Radical Republicans

Southerners who changed their views after carpetbaggers shared their ideas were known as?

The program to help newly freed men was known as?

Freedman's Bureau

What was the "great equalizer" ?

"Ignorance is not stupidity, it is the _____________ _____ ____________."

absence of knowledge

What was the law that did NOT pass in which newly freed slaves were given something to get on their feet?

40 acres and a mule

Who was Lincoln's vice president?

Andrew Johnson (had owned slaves!)

Where was Lincoln assassinated?

John Wilkes Booth shouted this when he ran out of the theater. It meant "As Always to Tyrants." What was the actual saying?

Sic Semper Tyrannis

What was the 13th Amendment?

What was the 14th Amendment?

equal protection of all citizens

What was the 15th Amendment?

voting rights (African American men)

What was the main lesson from history?

Change and fear often fuel extremism.

Why did the era of Reconstruction end?

Northerners turned their attention to industrialism (fueled by immigration)

Although Lincoln attended religious services and often used references from the Bible in his speeches, he never what?

joined a church

Lincoln was the only U.S. president to what?

hold a patent on an invention

Who was Lincoln's political hero?

How many times did Clay run for president?

Clay was the leader of which party?

Clay was most famously known as?

the Greta Compromiser

Name the two Compromises Clay forged.

1. Missouri Compromise of 1820
2. Compromise of 1850

Building a national transportation system as well as placing high tariffs on imports to protect young industries was known as?

"American system"

Lincoln believed it was up to the ___________ to decide who should exercise basic natural rights

Before the Civil War, both Northern and Southern states commonly banned women and free black persons from? (2)

voting
serving on juries
(enjoying other such rights)

Lincoln believed slavery was " ___ __________ ________"

Who led Congress in passing a law that would open the possibility of expanding slavery into the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase?

Senator Stephen A. Douglas

The principle that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people is known as?

popular sovereignty

The Kansas-Nebraska Act led to the formation of which party?

Republican Party

Those who simply wanted to prevent the expansion of slavery to the Western territories are known as?

Many Whig Party members, including _____________, switched to the Republican Party.

In 1858, who was Lincoln challenged against for a seat in the U.S. senate?

In Lincoln's acceptance speech for U.S. Senate, he quoted the words of _____________, saying that "a house divided against itself cannot stand"

Lincoln argued that in order for the nation to survive, slavery would either have to _____________ everywhere or become _____________ everywhere.

end everywhere
become legal everywhere

Lincoln used what term to describe that Douglas invited slave owners to "fill up the territories with slaves" ?

Douglas' "care not" policy

What was a nickname for Abraham Lincoln given by Eastern Republicans?

Lincoln only won _______% of the popular vote in the election of 1860.

Lincoln's First Inaugural Address had two purposes. What were they?

1. to reassure Southerners that he had no desire to interfere with slavery where it already existed
2. to contend that no state had a constitutional right to secede.

It did not occur to Lincoln that black people had much stronger ties of ___________, _____________, and ___________ with the United States than with Africa.

history
language
religion

Lincoln threatened that he would declare all slaves in the areas of rebellion "_____________ _______" unless the Confederacy surrendered within _________ days.

"forever free"
100 days

Lincoln was the commander-in-chief of both the _________ and the __________

Lincoln welcomed ex-slaves into the _________ ___________ of the United States (free African Americans were already serving)

Union policy was the pay black soldiers __________ the rate of white soldiers

Frederick Douglass insisted on equal rights for all Americans, _________ and _________, _______ and ___________.

white and black
men and women

Who was the former president of Harvard, U.S. senator, and governor of Massachusetts, who delivered the main oration at the Gettysburg Address?

Who was the commander of the Confederate Army who surrendered?

Who said, "Now he belongs to the ages." (referring to Lincoln)

Edwin Stanton (Secretary of War)

Douglass and Lincoln both educated themselves by reading the same books, such as? (4)

Aesop's Fables
the Bible
Shakespeare
the Columbian Orator

Douglass and Lincoln both refrained from ___________ and ____________, when many politicians at the time used these things.

alcohol
tobacco

Lincoln stated, "if slavery is not wrong, ___________ is wrong"

For Douglass, slavery was not only a sin but "____________ and ___________"

piracy and murder

Both Douglass and Lincoln emphasized that the ____________________ was the centerpiece of government.

The Declaration of Independence was the "___________ of ____________" within the Constitution's "_____________ of ____________"

apple of gold
picture of silver

What was the battle in which the most people died in one day?

Battle of Antietam

What was the battle in which most people died overall?

Battle of Gettysburg

What was the document that proposed that the White Southerners declare their loyalty to the union (past, present, and future)

Wade-Davis Bill

What was the nickname of cotton in the South?

Old King Cotton

What was Harriet Tubman's nickname?

Moses of her people

When African Americans slaves were separated from their families, when they came into new plantations and adopted a new family, what is the new adopted family called?

Where was the formal surrender of the civil war?

Appomattox Court House

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