Soci 301 Chap3

Term
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conceptualization
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Terms in this set (18)
conceptualization
the process of specifying what we mean by a term. if studying gangs you need to know what a gang is
operationalization
process of specifying how you will measure your concepts
operationalization variable
what we measure
operationalization indicator
how we measure it
face valid
relates to the concept
(ex: a count of the number of drinks in a week is a face valid measure of alcohol consumption)
content validity
covers the full range of a concepts meaning (ex: counting just beer or wine would not be content valid measure of alcohol consumption)
criterion validity
scores match those obtained with a validated measure
(ex: road sobriety test)
construct validity
scores mirror or relate to other measures that should be similar. based on prior research or theory (ex: do people who score high on a substance abuse measure also score poorly on health problems measures?)
reliability
(prereq for validity, you can have reliability w/o validity, you can be reliable but not valid)
consistency across scores of observations
types of reliability
- test retest
- interitem (internal consistency)
- interobserver
levels of measurement- nominal - ordinal variable - interval measure - ration measureNominal- no mathematical interpretation - corresponding number doesn't have any significance - vary in quality, not amount - mutually exclusive and exhaustive - not more or less, just different categoriesordinal variable- know the order of categories, but not how much larger/smaller one category is from another - (ex: 1=less than $5000 2=$5001=$6000)interval measure- real numbers - no absolute zero, no zero starting point - (ex: SAT scores, IQ)ratio measure- real numbers with an absolute zero point - (ex: how many times have you been arrested)test retest reliabilitymeasure obtains same/similar result at two different times (ex: taking the kids temp multiple times but get different resultsinteritem reliabilityuse multiple items to measure single conceptsinterobserver reliabilitymore than one person observering the same thing to make sure they all get the same thing/agreement across people measuring the same thing