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Explorer 3 - Study Cards

Terms in this set (23)

mercantilism
An economic system where European countries tried to add gold and silver to their treasuries.
navigator
A person who plans the course of a ship using instruments and maps.
missionary
People sent on trips to the New World to convert the Natives to Christianity.
The Renaissance
Means "Rebirth." This time period started in Italy and was a time period where there was a "rebirth" of interest in the arts, sciences, and inventions.
caravel
A ship with rectangular and triangular sails that allowed it to sail into the wind. Created under the guidance of Prince Henry the Navigator.
The Middle Ages
Started with the fall of the Western Roman Empire (circa 400 C.E.) to the 1300-1400s. A time when the Roman Catholic Church ruled Western Europe and started the Crusades.
The Crusades
Military attempts by Christians to recapture the Holy Land (today's Israel). This period of time ended with the beginning of the Renaissance.
Native Americans came from
Asia by a land or ice bridge formed by the last ice age in hunt of big game.
Reasons the Renaissance began in Italy
There are 3 major reasons: 2 deal with trade and 1 deals with the Catholic Church.
Why did Europeans begin searching for water routes to Asia?
There was great profits to be made from trading with Asia but Muslims blocked European Christians from using the route to Asia.
What did Columbus wrongly call the land he found and what did he wrongly call the Natives on this land?
He wrongly called the land he found the "Indies" and he wrongly called the Natives "Indians." Why?
Goals of early European exploration included:
Use the "3 Gs" but be more specific:
The Columbian Exchange helped Europe
by feeding its population during a famine.
The Columbian Exchange hurt the New World
by the spreading of disease that killed millions of Natives.
America was named after this explorer.
Amerigo Vespucci
Name of Columbus' 3 Ships
Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria
Conquistador
Spanish soldiers who explored the Americas and claimed the land for Spain.
mission
A religious settlement.
Spanish Armada
A fleet of 130 ships that was defeated by the small ships of England.
encomienda
A grant of Native American labor to Spanish colonists.
Treaty of Tordesillas
An agreement made by the Pope (1494) that divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Spain.
Northwest Passage
An all-water route to Asia searched for by explorers for centuries.
Columbian Exchange
The movement of living things between the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
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