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Unit 3 & 4 review

Terms in this set (24)

Biodiversity
Is short for biological diversity. Describes the variety of all living things; different plants, animals and micro organisms in an ecosystem or biome
Biomes
Are ecological vanities of plants and animals that occur over wide areas of land

Each Biome has its own characteristics climate.

Earths major land biomes include tropical rain forest, temperate rain forest, deserts, grasslands, deciduous forest, Taiga and tundra
Sustainability
Sustainability refers to how a system remains biodiverse and productive over long periods of time.

Sustainable ecosystem is an ecosystem that survives, functions, and is renewed overtime without humans having to continually add or take out of the system
Succession
Succession is a series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time. After a fire, volcano, or other disaster, succession enables an ecosystem to recover.

Succession occurs differently in different parts of the world
Ecosystems
Ecosystems include all of the biotic factors (plants, animals, and micro organisms) and abiotic factors such as (weather, earth, son, soil, climate and atmosphere) in a given area that interact with each other
Abiotic
All of the non-living components of an ecosystem such as weather, earth, soil, soil, climate, atmosphere
Biotic
Think "bio"

Biotic are all the living or once living organisms of an ecosystem such as plants, animals, and micro organisms
Permafrost
Permafrost is the ground that is permanently frozen
Pioneer species
The first species to populated area primary succession = bacteria and lichen

secondary succession = weeds
Primary succession
Primary succession is the series of changes that occur in an area where NO ecosystem previously existed. Such as areas might be a new island formed by a volcano or an area of rock uncovered by a melting sheet of ice.

Eventually primary succession may lead to a community of organisms in equilibrium which does not change drastically unless the ecosystem is disturbed
Secondary succession
Is a series of changes that occur after a disturbance in an existing ecosystem

Follows a natural or human disturbance to an ecosystem such as force fires hurricanes tornadoes or clearing a forest for farmland.
Climax community
A community that has reached a stable stage of ecological succession usually tall trees equilibrium balance is a climax community
Estuary
is the area where a river meets an ocean and contains a mixture of freshwater and saltwater. They are transitional zones that exist between freshwater and saltwater environments. They are extremely fertile and provide much of the sea food consumed by humans
How does biodiversity Affect biomes?
Biodiversity boost ecosystem productivity where each species no matter how small All have an important role to play.

The more Biodiverse there is in an ecosystem the more sustainable it is.

Changes the ecosystem can increase or decrease bio diversity
How are biodiversity and sustainability related?
Biodiversity contributes to sustainability of an ecosystem.

High/more biodiverse equals more sustanbility.

High biodiversity means there is a great variety of species in the ecosystem a great variety of species mean that the ecosystem is better able to carry out natural processes in the face of outside stress
How many Biomes are found on earth
A biomes is not an ecosystem we studied seven biomes.
Desert
Grasslands
Tundra
Tiaga
Deciduous forest
Temperate rainforest
Tropical rain forest
List two abiotic and two biotic factors and explain why
Biotic factors are living things such as plants and animals that are part of the ecosystem.

Abiotic factors are the nonliving factors in the environment such as water climate and soil
List at least two examples of the plants that live in each
Desert plants such as cactus and agave

Grassland plants such as big bluestem grass or Joe pie weed
Explain what happens during primary succession include the order of periods of organisms
Ground is solid rock
Rock begins to whether pioneer species begin growing on rock.
Weeds and grass is growing the soil make thicker. Eventually small trees and shrubs sprout. Then larger trees. Ecosystem reaches equilibrium
Explain what happens during secondary succession including the order of the parents of organisms
It varies depending on the type of disturbance such as forest fire or hurricane.
disturbed area returns to its previous condition eventually reaching equilibrium. Soil and seeds are already present. Organisms move in. There is a quick recovery of the ecosystem.

Primary succession takes longer than secondary succession
Explain the difference between primary and secondary succession
Primary creates a new ecosystem where as secondary restores a previous ecosystem. Primary takes a long time while secondary takes a shorter time. example of a primary is volcano new land and example of a secondary is an area destroyed by fire
What is the role of the ecological succession
Is a series of predictable changes that occur in a community overtime. After a fire, the Cano, or other disaster, succession enables an ecosystem to recover. Succession occurs differently in different parts of the world
Name the freshwater ecosystems
They include lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, springs, wetlands, estuaries
What are the characteristics of life
They all have cells, sense and respond to change, have DNA, the ability to reproduce, use energy, grow develop an age
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