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14 Carcinomas of the GI tract and Liver

Terms in this set (16)

Most gastric tumors in dogs are ____. They may present vomiting fresh blood, and unfortunately, stomach cancer is usually advanced by the time of diagnosis.
adenocarcinoma
Intestinal carcinomas are more common than gastric tumors. Are dogs or cats more likely to have metastasis?
In dogs, they're mainly (SI/LI) tumors
In cats, they're mainly (SI/LI) tumors
dogs: LI (~40% met)

cats: SI (~70% met)
Name a few clinical signs of an intestinal carcinoma
vomiting (coffee grounds)
small bowel or large bowel signs (esp. GSD)
palpable mass
weight loss
anemia
protein-losing enteropathy
When doing an excisional biopsy for intestinal carcinoma, it is very important to remove ___ and ___!
remove:
-everything that palpates abnormally
-the mesenteric LN!!! need for staging
The treatment for intestinal carcinoma is ____, chemo (doxorubicin, carboplatin) and ____
surgical excision (including regional LNs)

NSAIDs (piroxicam, meloxicam, deramax)
there are four primary tumors of the liver. Which is most common in dogs? Cats?
hepatocellular tumor
bile duct tumor
neuroendocrine tumor
primary sarcoma
dog - hepatocellular carcinoma

cat - bile duct tumor
Hepatocellular carcinomas are more commonly (nodular/massive/diffuse), which is (good/bad) for surgical treatment.
massive (large mass in one lobe)

good for surgical removal
Biliary carcinomas are more commonly (nodular/massive/diffuse), which is (good/bad) for surgical treatment.
diffuse (or nodular)

bad - late stage disease, not a surgical option
Dogs with a hepatic tumor may present with a pendulous abdomen, commonly due to ___
hemoperitoneum
T/F icterus is a common clinical sign of hepatic disease
FALSE

uncommon; usually end-stage if icteric
What does the AST:ALT ratio say to predict the diagnosis of a liver mass?

biliary carcinoma
carcinoid
hepatocellular carcinoma
sarcoma
AST:ALT

>1 (Higher AST) = carcinoid, sarcoma

<1 (Lower AST) = biliary carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma
What liver sampling technique gives the most accurate diagnosis of a mass, an US-guided FNA, or US-guided Tru-cut biopsy?
Tru-Cut bx

(surgery with a larger piece of liver is even more accurate than Tru-cut)
T/F Although surgical resection is the main form of treatment for a hepatocellular carcinoma, there is a high complication rate and patients tend to die of inadequate liver function.
FALSE

yes it's treatment of choice
but patients do well - liver hypertrophies and makes up for lost function
Why does chemotherapy tend to be disappointing in treatment of hepatic masses?
P-glycoprotein efflux pump and the MDR gene is expressed in normal hepatic tissue

abnormal tissue may also be rich in detoxification enzymes
The most reliable prognostic factors with a hepatic mass is _____ and _____
resectability

presence of mets
T/F if a cat has a solitary biliary adenoma, it is recommended to monitor the mass for growth.
FALSE

DO NOT monitor a cat with one biliary adenoma; RESECT; they can transform to ACA
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