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Chapter 3 Earth/Water

Terms in this set (41)

How do waves form?
by wind blowing across the water's surface and transmit their energy to the water.
Explain how both a wave's energy and the water in a wave move.
Water remains in place, but the energy moves towards shore.
Why does an ocean buoy bob up and down as a wave passes by?
the waves energy forces it up
What is the wavelength of a wave?
Horizontal distance between crests
What is wave height?
distance between the trough and crest
What is longshore drift?
movement of sand along a beach
Explain how building a groin affects longshore drift.
sand carried by the water piles up afainst the groins instead of moving along the shore.
What causes tides?
intersection of earth moon and sun
Describe the monthly tides?
change in positions of earth the moon and the sun affect the heights of the tides during a month.
What is a tide?
rise and fall of earths water on its coastline.
The sun is much bigger than the moon. Why doesn't the sun affect tides more than the moon does?
...
How can tides be used to generate electricity?
tides produce sourch of potential energy
What is salinity?
total amount of salt in a sample of water.
What is the average salinity of ocean water?
34 to 37 parts per thousand
Would you expect the seawater just below the floating ice in the arctic ocean to higher or lower salinity than the water in the deepest part of the ocean?
Higher
Where would you find the warmest ocean temperature on Earth?
ocean surface near the equator
How does the temperature of ocean water affect oxygen levels in the water?
warm water is less dense than cold water.
What is current?
large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans
What causes surface currents to occur?
wind
Explain how deep currents form and move in the ocean.
are caused by the differences in the density of ocean water.
Compare the causes effect of deep currents and surface current.
wind and energy
Why are huge schools of fish usually found in zones of upwelling?
the cold air
Rolling waves with a large horizontal distance between crests have a long?
wave length
Groins are built to reduce the effect of ?
longshore drift
At full moon, the combined gravitational pulls of the sun and mmon produce the biggest differnece between low and high tide, called a?
spring tide
Ocean water is more dense than fresh water at the same temperature because of?
pressure
Winds and currents move in curved paths because of?
changes in wind direction
Cold and warm ocean water is carried around the world by?
currents
What factors influence the size of the wave?
climate
Is this true, as you descend through the ocean the water temperature decreases?
True
Is this true, pressure descreases as you go further down into the ocean.
False
What affects the density of water?
Temperature and Salinity.
What brings up tiny organisms, minerals, and other nutrients fromt eh depp layers of the water?
Upwelling
Ocean Water is more dense than fresh water at the same temperature because of?
Salinity
Winds and currents move in curved paths because of?
Coriolis Effect
Cold and warm ocean water is carried around the world by?
currents
What is a spring tide?
At a new moon, the sun, moon and earth are aligned, in a straight line.
Why does a spring tide differ from a neap tide?
At a neap tide the sun, moon and earth are at right angles.
What is El Nino?
Abnormal climate event that occurs in the Pacific every 2-7 years.
What are some of the affects of El Nino?
Warm water moves eastward to the south American coast, causing warm winter in the NE United States.
If there was a warm current flowing towards the shore you were on, would the temperature be warm or cold?
Warm, because a surface current warms or cools the air above it influencing the land near the coast.
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