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Westward Expansion

Terms in this set (27)

What reasons did farmers and exodusters have to move West?
Homestead Act, cheap land, new beginnings
What reasons did miners have to move West?
search for wealth (gold and silver), adventure
What reasons did ranchers and cowboys have to move West?
life in the open range, search for wealth, new beginnings
What problems did farmers and exodusters face in the West?
hard work with little profit, harsh conditions, grasshoppers (disasters)
What problems did miners face in the West?
dangerous and dirty work, pollution, deforestation
What problems did ranchers and cowboys face in the West?
dangerous stampedes, conflict with farmers, lonely
What are all the technological advances and adaptations that helped the different groups that moved west?
steel plows, barbed wire, windmills, sod houses, mechanized farming, cattle herding, railroads
What do the Great Plains look like?
flat, dry grassland
What is the climate in the Great Plains?
hot in summer, cold in winter
What was scarce on the Great Plains?
water and trees
Who were the exodusters?
former slaves who wanted to start new lives in the West and get away from the Jim Crow Laws
What are ways the Indians used the buffalo?
food, clothing, shelter, fuel, weapons
What is a reservation?
an area of land set aside for the Native Americans to live on
Why did the government force Western Native Americans to relocate there?
to give more land to settlers, ranchers, and farmers, to expand railroad lines, to build more towns
What year was the Dawes Act?
1887
How did the Dawes Act impact Native Americans?
it tried to civilize Native Americans by making them into white men by breaking up reservations and giving them small private farms so they could be like other settlers
What happened at the Battle of Little Bighorn?
an army led by Colonel George Custer was defeated by an army of Lakota and Cheyenne Indians
What was Chief Joseph known for doing?
trying to escape with his tribe, the Nez Perce, to Canada but eventually surrendered to the American army, he wanted to avoid life on the reservations
What was the Transcontinental Railroad?
it connected Sacramento, California to Omaha, Nebraska
In what city did the tracks of the Transcontinental Railroad meet?
Promontory Point, Utah
How did the Transcontinental Railroad benefit the people in the West and East?
made it easier, quicker, and cheaper for people to travel from the East to the West and for people to transport goods and mail from the West to the East
What are the provisions of the Homestead Act?
received 160 acres of land, pay a filling fee of about 10 dollars, must build a house and live there for 5 years
Which Apache leader was known for resisting capture by Mexican and American forces?
Geronimo
Which group of people was not considered citizens of the US until 1924?
Native Americans
What year were the Native Americans finally considered citizens of the US?
1924
What are some reasons that settlers and Plains Indians came into conflict?
disputes over land, near extinction of the buffalo
What happened in the battle of Wounded Knee?
last military battle between the US and Indians, it was a massacre of the Sioux and ended the Indian wars, over 300 of the Sioux dead but only 25 US soldiers
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