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Week 5 typed in wk 5 HCR 2 Ch6 & Ch7

Terms in this set (38)

What is descriptive statistics?
Descriptive statistics refers only to the sample, not attempting to generalise beyond the sample.
What is inferential statistics?
Inferential statistics is statistics that attempt to go beyond the sample and help us infer what happens in the wider population.
Under 7.3 What are results in research?
Results in research reports begin with descriptive statistics and move towards inferential statistics.
Descriptive statistics for categorical variables:
Many quantitative research reports summarise the characteristics of a sample_______
Many quantitative research reports summarise the characteristics of a sample_______ ________ ___ ___________ __________.
Many quantitative research reports summarise the characteristics of a sample_______ ________ ___ descriptive statistics.
Descriptive statistics -- categorical variables. Many quantitative research reports summarise the characteristics of a sample_______ ________ ___ descriptive statistics.
Many quantitative research reports summarise the characteristics of a sample using tables of descriptive statistics.
Descriptive statistics -- continuous variables:
Additional statistics are specific to continuous variables.
Central tendency. What does central tendency refer to?
Central tendency refers to the mid-way point between the _________ and the __________ of a sample...
Central tendency. What does central tendency refer to?
Central tendency refers to the mid-way point between the highest and the lowest of a sample...
Central tendency -- Central tendency refers to the mid-way point between the highest and the lowest of a sample ___ ________ on a continuous variable.
Central tendency -- Central tendency refers to the mid-way point between the highest and the lowest of a sample of scores on a continuous variable.
What are the different ways to define central tendency? -- mean:
mean or average, calculated by adding everyone's score on that variable and dividing by the number of cases.
What are the different ways to define central tendency? -- median:
The median is the middle score.
What are the different ways to define central tendency? -- mode:
The mode is the most commonly occurring score.
Dispersion -- What is dispersion?
Dispersion refers to how spread out the scores are on a ___________ variable.
Dispersion -- What is dispersion? Dispersion refers to how spread out the scores are on a ___________ variable.
Dispersion refers to how spread out the scores are on a continuous variable.
Dispersion -- What is dispersion? Dispersion can be _________ and _________ statistically.
Dispersion can be measured and _________ statistically.
Dispersion -- What is dispersion? Dispersion can be _________ and _________ statistically.
Dispersion can be measured and represented statistically.
What are some measures for dispersion?
The standard deviation.
What are some measures for dispersion?
The minimum and maximum.
What are some measures for dispersion?
The range.
Probability and confidence -- the p-value:
The probability that any particular outcome would have arisen by chance.
Probability and confidence -- What does standard scientific practice usually deem a value of less than one in twenty (expressed as p 0.05) as?
Standard scientific practice usually deems a value of less than one in twenty (expressed as p 0.05) as statistically significant.
Probability and confidence -- What does standard scientific practice usually deem a value of less than one in one hundred (expressed as p <0.01) as?
a value of less than one in one hundred (expressed as p <0.01) is deemed as 'statistically highly significant'.
Confidence Intervals -- What is hypothesis testing?
Hypothesis testing asks only whether there's effect in the population.
Confidence Intervals -- Is it used for estimating population means for sample data? (inferential)
Confidence intervals -- it is used for estimating population means for sample data.
Confidence Intervals -- What is it used for in relation to population means for sample data? (inferential)
it is used for estimating population means for sample data.
Confidence Intervals -- are used for estimating __________means for _________data? (inferential)
it is used for estimating population means for sample data.
Confidence Intervals -- for estimating population means for sample data, inferential statistics offers ___ ________ ________.
Confidence Intervals -- for estimating population means for sample data, inferential statistics offers the confidence interval.
What are confidence intervals used to describe?
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty...
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty ____ _____ __ _____ estimate....
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty associated with __ ______ estimate....
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty associated with a sample estimate....
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty associated with a sample estimate of a population ___________...
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty associated with a sample estimate of a population parameter such as...
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty associated with a sample estimate of a population parameter such as a mean...
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty associated with a sample estimate of a population parameter such as a mean...
Confidence intervals are used to describe the amount of uncertainty associated with a sample estimate of a population parameter such as a mean or a standard deviation.
What does a confidence interval for a population mean identify?
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies ________ and _______ values.
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies ________ and _______ values.
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies lower and upper values.
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies lower and upper values for the estimated ______ ______....
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies lower and upper values for the estimated population ______....
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies lower and upper values for the estimated population mean....
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies lower and upper values for the estimated population mean within a ________ _____ __ _______.
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies lower and upper values for the estimated population mean within a specified level __ _______.
The confidence interval for a population mean identifies lower and upper values for the estimated population mean within a specified level of probability.
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