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Phys: Renal 1

Terms in this set (47)

ammonia broken down to urea and uric acid
what are nitrogenous wastes
t
NH3 is highly toxic and requires more water than urea and uric acid in excretion t/f
ammonia
what form of ammonia is excreted by fish
urea
what form of ammonia is excreted by mammals
uric acid
what form of ammonia is excreted by birds
renal tubules, nephrons
where is body fluid (plasma) filtered in the body
by selective reabsorption and secretion
how do nephrons convert body fluid into excretory products
increase
a long loop of a nephron with have what affect on urine conc
heart
horse kidneys are what shape
lobulated
cow kidneys are what shape
bean
dog kidneys are what shape
prevents backflow of urine
function of the ureterovesicular junction
rid the body of waste materials that are either ingested of metabolic products
function of the kidneys
erythropoietin, renin, active vit D
what are the production hormones of the kidneys
nephrons
what is the functional unit of the kidneys
renal corpuscle, long tubule
what are the major parts of the nephron
to the bladder for excretion
where does fluid in the collecting duct go
glomerulus, arterioles for filtration of molecules and ions but not proteins
label A and its function
bowmans capsule, surround glomerulus and participate in filtration
label B and its function
proximal convoluted tubule, reabsorption of filtrate to maintain equilibrium
c and function
loop of henle, extends to inner medulla and specialised for the formation of concentrated urine
d/e and function
distal convoluted tubule, salt and water reabsorption and acid base balance
f and function
juxtamedullary and cortical
what are the 2 types of nephrons
cortical
what type of nephron does the renal corpuscle lie int he outer layer of the renal cortex
vasa recta
what vessel accompanies the juxtamedullary nephron and what is its function
cortex
where is the kidney is the corpuscle located
sympathetic fibres
what type of fibres supply the kidneys
renin secretion, increase na reabsorption, decrease blood flow to tissues
what effect does sympathetic stimulation have on kidneys
kidneys
which major organ has the highest blood flow per unit mass
for high rates of glomerula filtration
why do kidneys have such high blood flow per unit mass
glomerulus and peritubular capillary system
what are the components of the double capillary network portal system of the kidneys (from high pressure capillary system to low pressure capillary system)
favours filtration
function of the high pressure capillary system (glomeruruls)
permit rapid fluid reabsorption
function of the low pressure capillary system (peritubular capillary system)
...
what are the basic steps of urine formation
glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion
what are the 3 key processes of urine formation
glomerular filtration
what is the first step in the renal function
fenestrated capillaries
what type of capillaries make up the glomerulus
fenestrated capillaries and high capillary hydrostatic pressure at the glomerulus
what factors help aid filtration of plasma into the proximal tubule via the glomerulus
the capillary tuft is kept between 2 arterioles
how is high pressured maintained in the capillaries of the glomerulus
they are shorter and wider for high pressure
what is different about the structure of afferent arterioles to efferent and why
passive
is glomerular filtration active or passive
vol fluid filtered of both kidneys per unit time
what is the units for glomerular filtration
endothelium of capillary, basement membrane, epithelial cells of bowmans
what are the components of the glomerular filtration barrier
negative
what charge do all the components of the glomerular filtration barrier have
the glomerular filtration barrier has selective permeability based on size and charge
why arent proteins filtered out during glomerular filtration
filtrate is protein free
what is the difference between plasma and the glomerular filtrate
f, it is of both kidneys
GFR = amount of glomerular filtrate formed in ml per unit time per kg body weight per kidney. t/f
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