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Social Psychology, Chapter 1

Terms in this set (25)

Recall British sociologist Herbert Spencer's view of human activity and social behavior.

A) Spencer maintained a behaviorist view.
B) Spencer maintained an evolutionary view.
C) Spencer maintained a developmental view.
D) Spencer maintained a genetic view.
B) Spencer maintained an evolutionary view.
Consistent preferences, ways of thinking, and behavioral tendencies that manifest across varying situations and over time is referred to as:

A) cognitive dissonance.
B) cognition.
C) development.
D) disposition.
D) disposition.
When did the Tuskegee syphilis experiment occur?

A) 1972-2013
B) 2013
C) 1932-1972
D) 1900-1920
C) 1932-1972
According to modern social psychology, a core assumption is that behavior is a joint product of the _____ and the _______.

A) place; situation
B) culture; person
C) genes; culture
D) person; situation
D) person; situation
__________ claimed that human behavior was directed primarily by aggressive and sexual drives.

A) Herbert Spencer
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Charles Darwin
D) Erik Erikson
B) Sigmund Freud
Identify the study in which African Americans were infected with disease, not told they had the disease, and not given penicillin.

A) the Asch conformity study
B) the Tuskegee syphilis experiment
C) the Stanford Prison experiment
D) Milgram's obedience study
B) the Tuskegee syphilis experiment
The process whereby scientists observe events, look for patterns, and evaluate theories proposed to explain those patterns is known as:

A) research.
B) a hypothesis.
C) a theory.
D) a case study.
A) research.
Explanations of why an individual engaged in a particular action is referred to as:

A) social comparison.
B) cultural knowledge.
C) attribution theory.
D) causal attributions.
D) causal attributions.
Based on his attribution theory, Heider referred to people as:

A) culturally competent.
B) intuitive scientists.
C) genetically predisposed.
D) mind readers.
B) intuitive scientists.
The scientific study of the causes and consequences of people's thoughts, feelings, and actions regarding themselves and other people is known as:

A) gestalt psychology.
B) social psychology.
C) behaviorism.
D) psychoanalysis.
B) social psychology.
An explanation for how and why variables are related to each other is known as:

A) a hypothesis.
B) research.
C) a case study.
D) a theory.
D) a theory.
Who is considered the father of modern social psychology?

A) Herbert Spencer
B) John Locke
C) Kurt Lewin
D) Sigmund Freud
C) Kurt Lewin
A vast store of information, accumulated within a civilization, that explains how the world works and why things happen as they do is referred to as:

A) social comparison.
B) attribution theory.
C) causal attributions.
D) cultural knowledge.
D) cultural knowledge.
What factor is considered unethical for research purposes?

A) anything causing distress
B) anything causing long-term and/or permanent damage to the human participant
C) anything causing long-term damage to the human participant
D) anything causing permanent damage to the human participant
B) anything causing long-term and/or permanent damage to the human participant
Social psychology is based on _____ assumptions.

A) four
B) ten
C) nine
D) three
A) four
The scientific study of the causes and consequences of people's ____, ____, and _____ regarding themselves and other people is known as social psychology.

A) thoughts; feelings; actions
B) thoughts; actions; behaviors
C) actions; genetics; dreams
D) behaviors; feelings; dreams
A) thoughts; feelings; actions
_________ is an explanation of why an individual engages in a particular action.

A) Attribution theory
B) Cultural knowledge
C) Social comparison
D) Causal attribution
D) Causal attribution
The central question that social psychologists attempt to answer is, Why do people _______ the way they do?

A) think
B) feel
C) behave
D) work
C) behave
An explanation of the purpose of the study that is different from the true purpose is called:

A) a cover story.
B) experimenter bias.
C) demand characteristics.
D) deception.
A) a cover story.
Based on his _______ theory, Heider referred to people as intuitive scientists.

A) causal distribution
B) cultural knowledge
C) social comparison
C) attribution
C) attribution
Theories tell us about causal factors that _______ particular kinds of behavior.

A) influence
B) change
C) predict
D) alternate
A) influence
An "if-then" statement that follows logically from a theory and specifies how certain variables should be related to each other if the theory is correct is called:

A) a case study.
B) a hypothesis.
C) a theory.
D) research.
B) a hypothesis.
Choose a primary reason for the use of deception in social psychological research.

A) If participants know the true purpose of the research, their responses are considered deceptive.
B) Researchers often use deception to create the conditions necessary to test a hypothesis.
C) Deception is necessary in all forms of social psychological research.
D) If deception is not used, it is considered unethical.
B) Researchers often use deception to create the conditions necessary to test a hypothesis.
In scientific thinking, a fact is the _____ of research observations and a theory is a(n) _______ for those facts.

A) content; hypothesis
B) content; explanation
C) hypothesis; explanation
D) variable; understanding
B) content; explanation
Which British sociologist ________ maintained an evolutionary view of human activity and social behavior?

A) Erik Erikson
B) Charles Darwin
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Herbert Spencer
D) Herbert Spencer
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