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Warfare & Battles in Ancient Greece

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (19)

Darius I
The third Persian king of the Achaemenid Empire. His reign lasted 36 years, from 522 to 486 BCE; during this time the Persian Empire reached its peak.
Cosmopolitan
A collection of people from many different countries.
Delian League
An alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens and formed in 478 BCE to liberate eastern Greek cities from Persian rule and as a defense to possible revenge attacks from Persia following the Greco-Persian Wars.
Diadochi
The successors of Alexander comprised of his generals, friends, and family.
Hoplite
Heavy-armored citizen-soldiers in Ancient Greece whose name derived from the type of shields they used.
Hoplon
A large circular shield some 80 cm (30 in.) in diameter and weighing as much as 8 kg.
Ionian Revolt
A military uprising of the Ionian cities - with aid from Athens - against Persian rule about 500 BCE.
Leonidas I
Spartan king who died at the Battle of Thermopylae.
Mardonius
Talented Persian General who was defeated at the Battle of Plataea.
Miltiades
Athenian general at the Battle of Marathon.
Oblique Infantry Deployment
A military formation where a large force is brought against the enemy's flank; made famous by Thebes as the Battle of Leuctra.
Peace of Callias
A possible peace treaty made in the mid-5th century BCE between Athens and Persia following the Persian Wars.
Pelopponesian League
The oldest and longest-lasting political association in the ancient Greek world comprised of a loose confederation of Greek city-states led by Sparta.
Phalanx
A close-rank, dense grouping of warriors armed with long spears and interlocking shields.
Satrap
A Persian governor of a province.
Successor
The person who becomes the next in line of a title, office, or geographical area.
Themistocles
Athenian politician and general who pushed for the strengthening of the Athenian Navy in the time between the Persian invasions.
Trireme
A fast, maneuverable seafaring vessel with a bronze-sheathed ram on the prow, and an arrangement of rowers in three lines down the length of each side of the ship.
Xerxes I
The son of Darius the Great, and fourth Persian king of the Achaemenid Empire, who led the second invasion of Greece.
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