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Cell Organelles

Terms in this set (72)

Structure of the Nucleus
Structure of Cell Membrane (phospholipid bilayer)
Structure of Cytoplasm
Structure of Rough ER
Structure of Smooth ER
Structure of the Mitochondria
Structure of Ribosomes
Structure of Lysosomes
Structure of Golgi Apparatus
Structure of Cytoskeleton
Structure of Vacuole
Structure of Cell Wall
Structure of Chloroplast
Structure of the Nucleolus
Function of Cell Membrane
Controls what enters and exits the cell, protects by creating a barrier
Function of Rough ER
Site of protein production, modifies proteins and sends to the Golgi apparatus
Function of Smooth ER
Make membrane lipids and helps in the detoxifacation of drugs
Function of Mitochondria
Converts chemical energy oxygen and glucose stored in food into CO2, H2O and ATP
Function of Nucleus
Directs all the cells activities; contains the cells DNA
Function of Ribosomes
Site of protien synthesis
Function of Cell Wall
Provides protection and support for plant cells
Function of Lysosome
Contains hydrolytic enzymes for digestung food, destroying waste and autodigestion
Function of Microfilaments
Fibrous protein filaments used for structural support
Function of Chromosomes
Packaging of DNA in nucleus, functions in cell division
Function of Chloroplast
Contains photosynthetic pigments that turn light, CO2 and H2O into glucose
Function of plastids
Pigment containing vesicles in plants that function in photosynthesis
Function of microtubules
Tubes of protein monomers used in cilia and flagella
Function of Centrioles
Found in animal cells functions in cell division
Functions of Cilia
Found on outside of cell, move materials mast cells
Function of Cytoskeleton
Helps cell maintain shape and helps the cell move
Function of Golgi Apparatus
Packages, modifies, and secretes substances for export inside and out of the cell
Function of Vacuole
Stores materials such as water, salts, proteins and carbs, helps plants support heavy structures like leaves
Eukaryote
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryote
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Microtubule
Cellular "ropes" made of repeating units of protein actin
Microfilament
Hollow tubes for transport, movement, made of actin & tubulin proteins
Chloroplast
Most important plastid, turns CO2, H2O and sunlight into glucose
Vacuoles
Membrane bound spheres that store water & dissolved materials.
Nucleolus
Site of rRNA production in the nucleus
Chromosome
Rod like structures that package DNA and play a role in cell division
Cilia
Used to move materials past the cell
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Site of lipid synthesis
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Holds ribosomes, receives and modifies proteins
Cell wall
Enclose plant cells. Strong cellulose fibers give rigidity
Vesicle
Small membranous spheres that transport materials around the cell.
Ribosome
Made of rRNA and proteins, site of protein synthesis
Centriole
Twin barrel like structures that play a role in cell division
What component of the cell membrane causes it to have a fluid consistency?
Phospholipids
What components cause the cell brane to be like a mosaic?
Proteins
Golgi Body
Vesicles pinch off these structures; proteins modified and packaged here
The nucleus in enclosed by the ______ ______ which containes ______ that open into the cytoplasm
Nuclear envelope, pores
Three organelles that have a double membrane are
Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast
Relationship betwee nucleoli and ribosomes
The RNA in the nucleli become structural parts of ribosomes
What does DNA in the nucleus control?
Protein synthesis
Which of the cell organelles can be seen with the NAKED EYE?
None
Plant cell only organelles
Cell wall, chloroplast, large vacuoles, plastids
Animals cells only organelles
Centrioles and centrosomes, small vacuoles, cilia/flagella, lyosomes
How do lysosomes and vacuoles work together?
Vacuoles may contain a substance that can be digested after fusion with lyosomes
How do endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus work together?
Producteds produced at the ER are sent to the Golgi apparatus for repackaging and secretion
How do centrioles and cilia work together?
Centrioles become basal bodies that produce cilia
How do ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum work together?
proteins are made at the ribosomes located on endoplasmic reticulum
How do chloroplast and mitochondria work together?
carbohydrates made in the chloroplast break down in the mitochondria
List parts of the prokaryotic cells
Cell membrane, cell wall, ribosomes
List parts of the eukaryotic cells
cell membrane, nuclear envelope, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, centrioles
Plant cells...
Don't have any centrioles yet can divide
How are mitochondria like chloroplasts
they are both concerned with energy
Which type of molecule forms a bilayer within the membrane
Lipid
Which organelle doesn't have a membrane
Ribosomes
Which of the following doesn't have nucleic acids
Centrioles
Advantage of an electron microscope over a light microscope?
It's resolving power is increased by a thousand fold
What structure in the cytoplasm is connected to the nuclear envelope?
Endoplasmic reticulum
When secretory products are transported to the cell membrane for export...
They move in an enclosed vesicle from the Golgi apparatus
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