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Pharm Chapter 34: Biologic Response Modifiers

Terms in this set (38)

A patient is being seen regularly for treatment of chronic leukemia. The nurse understands that this patient has been treated with interferon-alfa. What is the primary action of this biologic response modifier?
a. Enhancing immune function, producing WBCs, producing antigen/antibody reaction
b. Causing allergic reactions, producing RBCs, producing interferon
c. Immunomodulation, causing cytotoxic/cytostatic effects, differentiating stem cells
d. Producing cytokines, producing interleukin, fighting infection
a. Enhancing immune function, producing WBCs, producing antigen/antibody reaction
A patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma, a skin cancer, is treated with interferon alfa-2a. The nurse teaches this patient about which side effect that will make the patient uncomfortable?
a. Increase in WBCs
b. Increase in RBCs
c. Flulike symtoms
d. GI symptoms
c. Flulike symptoms
A patient has anemia. The nurse reviews the list of meds and is aware the RBC production can be stimulated with which drug?
a. Epoetin alfa
b. Filgrastim
c. Interleukin 2
d. Sargramostim
a. Epoetin alfa
The nurse is caring for a patient who has previously received a biologic response modifier as a subcutaneous injection. The patient will now be receiving a drug that is not often used in clinical practice because of its serious side effects and must be administered by IV infusion. Which drug meets this criterion?
a. Epoetin alfa
b. Interleukin 2
c. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
d. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
b. Interleukin 2
A patient lives 120 miles from her oncologist's medical office and relies on her working son for transportation to and from the doctor's office. In developing a plan of care for the patient, the nurse understands that the order for pegfilgrastim was prescribed from what reason?
a. Pegfilgrastim is eliminated via the kidneys
b. Pegfilgrastim is a pegylated filgrastim
c. Pegfilgrastim is not easily eliminated from the body
d. Pegfilgrastim requires injection once per chemo cycle
d. Pegfilgrastim requires injection once per chemo cycle
The nurse is caring for a patient who arrives at the outpatient office for a scheduled dose of an erythropoietin-stimulating agent to be administered. The patient arrives with the following lab values noted on the chart: hemoglobin, 12.8 mg/dL; platelet count, 148,000/mm2; WBC count, 4800/mm2. Which action is most appropriate for the nurse to implement?
a. Discuss with the provider the potential need for a colony-stimulating factor such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor based on the lab results
b. Contact the provider to discuss the lab results and a possible discontinuation of the ordered erythropoietin-stimulating agent
c. After comparing the patient's lab results with the previous results, discuss the lab values with the provider to determine whether a colony-stimulating factor such as interleukin 2 should be given
d. Discuss with the provider the potential need for more lab tests prior to administration of the erythropoietin-stimulating agent
b. Contact the provider to discuss the lab results and a possible discontinuation of the ordered erythropoietin-stimulating agent
Key Term: Biologic response modifiers (BRMs)
Also called immunotherapies. Class of pharmacologic drugs used to enhance, direct, or restore the body's immune system.
Key Term: Capillary leak syndrome
Rare disorder characterized by episodes of severe hypotension, hypoalbuminemia, and hemoconcentration
Key Term: Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)
Proteins that stimulate or regulate the growth, maturation, and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells.
Key Term: Erythropoietin (EPO)
Glycoprotein produced by the kidney; it stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow.
Key Term: Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs)
Include epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa. Administered as an injection to stimulate RBC production in the bone marrow.
Key Term: Granulocyte
Type of WBC with small granules that contain proteins
Key Term: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)
Produced by macrophages, endothelium, and other immune cells and stimulates the synthesis of neutrophils (main function is to detect and destroy harmful bacteria)
Key Term: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
Sargramostim. Belongs to a group of growth factors that support survival, proliferation, and differentiation (maturation) of hematopoietic progenitor cels. Induces partially committed progenitor cells to divide and differentiate in the granulocyte-macrophage pathway. Multilineage factor that promotes proliferation of myelomonocytic, megakaryocytic, and erythroid progenitors.
Key Term: Hybridoma technology
The process that genetically makes monoclonal antibodies
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