PESPerformance-enhancing substancesBody Contact.physical contact that is deemed within the parameters of the game and the sport's rules. An example would be a hard check in hockey or a tackle in football.borderline violenceconsists of behaviours that violate the official rules of the sport but that are accepted by players and fans alike as a legitimate part of the game. Such behaviour—a fistfight in ice hockeyQuasi-Criminal Violencean act that violates the sport's rules and possibly criminal laws. An example would be punching someone in the head during a soccer game.Criminal Violent Behaviorextreme act that causes severe physical harm or even death and almost always results in criminal chargesThe Great Sports MythSport is essentially pure and good, and its purity and goodness are transferred to anyone who plays, consumes, or sponsors sportsIdeologyPeople use a shaped interpretive framework to make sense of and evaluate themselves, others and events in their social worlds.Cultural Hegemonythe pervasive and excessive influence of one culture throughout societyGender IdeologyThe ideas and beliefs that are used to define masculinity and femininityRacial IdeologyIdeas and beliefs that are used to classify human beings into categories assumed to be biological/related to attributes such as intelligence, temperament, physical abilities.Social class ideologyinterrelated ideas and beliefs that are widely shared and used by people to evaluate their material status; explain why economic success, failure, and inequalities exist; and what should be done about economic differences in a group or societyAbelist ideologyinterrelated ideas and beliefs that are widely used to identify people as physically or intellectually disabled, to justify treating them as inferior, and to organize social worlds and physical spaces without taking them into accountSocial Researchinvestigations in which we seek answers to questions about social worlds by systematically gathering and analyzing dataSocial Theorieslogically interrelated explanations of the actions and relationships of human beings and the organization and dynamics of social worldsFirst step to conducting research?forming a research questionSecond step to conducting research?Select appropriate theory/research methodThird step to conducting research?Collect and analyze dataFourth step to conducting research?using findings to produce conclusionsFifth step to conducting research?Publish resultsCultural Theoriesexplain what we know about the ways that people think and express their values, ideas, and beliefs as they live together and create social worldsInteractionistexplain what we know about origins/dynamics/consequences of social interaction among people in particular worldsStructural theoriesexplain what we know about forms of social organization that influence actions and relationshipsSymbolsConcrete representations of the values, beliefs, moral principals around which people organize their livesGenderSocial element woven into the fabric of social worlds as meaning, performance, organizationEthnographyFieldwork that involves observation and interviewsOutside observationRecord what is seen or heardParticipant observationrecord the actions, feelings, and comments of self/others in a social worldFieldwork"on-site" data collection, usually done in a particular social worldPhysical LiteracyThe ability, confidence, and desire to be physically active (becoming involved and staying involved)Deviancethe recognized violation of cultural normsFormal Devianceviolations of official rules and laws that are punished by official sanctions administered by people in positions of authorityInformal devianceviolations of unwritten customs and shared understandings that are punished by unofficial sanctions administered by observers or peersNorma shared expectation that people use to identify what is acceptable and unacceptable in a social worldFormal normofficial expectations that take the form of written rules or lawsInformal normcustoms or unwritten, shared understandings of how a person is expected to think, appear, and act in a social worldThe Sport ethican interrelated set of norms or standards that are used to guide and evaluate ideas, traits, and actions in the social worlds created around power and performance sportsHUBRISexcessive pride or self-confidence
