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Therapy

Terms in this set (50)

For the following describe the therapy, and the disorder
"TODAY WE'RE GOING TO BE TOUCHING A DEAD MOUSE I saw in the alley outside my office building," Dr. Jenkins said. "OK, let's do it, I'm ready," Christine responded. The pair walked down to the alley and spent the next 50 minutes touching, then stroking, the dead mouse. They then went to the room to plan out what other disgusting things Christine was going to touch over the next 7 days before coming back for her next therapy session"
Therapy = Exposure Therapy
Disorder = OCD
Psychotherapy approach (1), types (2)
Interaction with a trained therapist, using psychological techniques to overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth

Types
- Psychoanalysis
- Psychodynamic
Biomedical approach (1), example (2)
Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology to reduce symptoms

Example
- Medications, drugs
- In history: trephination = drilling a hold in someone's skull, blood leading = releasing blood and evil spirits
Eclectic approach (2)
Uses techniques from various form of therapy to fit the client's problems, strength, and preferences

Combination of biomedical and psychotherapy approaches
Psychoanalysis (3)
- Duration (1)
- Methods (2)
- Refers to a set of techniques for releasing tension of repression and resolving unconscious conflicts
- The goal is to develop insight (awareness of unconsciousness)
-Client reclines on sofa bed and facing away from therapist

Duration
- Several years, average 3-6 years

Methods
Free association = the patients relaxes and speaks every thought that enters the mind

Interpretation = The therapist suggests underlying wishes and meaning to help the client gain insight and release tension.
In Psychoanalysis, therapists see unconscious meaning in the following (3)
Resistance
- The blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material
-> Client is aware of their unconscious, however they avoid talking about it which is a sign of something in unconscious present

(ex: client shows up late, skips sessions, laughs it off, skips conversation)

Dream analysis
- Seeking unconscious wishes or conflicts revealed in the plot of a dream

Transference
- Reactions toward the therapist based on feelings toward someone from the past

Ex: Client has a traumatic experience with their previous partner, those feelings towards significant others can be transferred to the therapist such as sexual interest towards the therapist
Ex: Client has a mother who is overcriticizing, and during the sessions, the client becomes defensive towards the therapist
Psychodynamic therapy (2)
- Duration (1)
- Characteristics (2)
- Influenced by psychoanalysis
- Help develop insight into unconscious or defended against thoughts and feelings

Duration
- Couple months

Characteristics
- Face-to-face, briefer, less intensive, less focus on id (repressed, aggressive and sexual urges)

- Helps clients understand how past relationships create themes that may be acted out in present relationships through informal conversation
Humanistic therapy (2), characteristics (3), types (1)
- Emphasize people's potential for self-fulfillment
- Goal is to help clients grow self-awareness and self-acceptance

Characteristics
- Assumes our environment prevents us from fulfilling our full potential
- In order to cure psychological disorder, you need to create a growth provoking environment
- Believe the client can solve their issues themselves

Types
Client-centered therapy
Client-centered therapy (2), components (4)
- Humanistic form of therapy developed by Carl Rogers
- Nondirective = clients can resolve their own problems without direct help from experts (dont tell client what they should or should not do)

Components
Active listening = The listener paraphrase, clarifies, and reflects feeling

Genuineness = Willingness to relate to clients

Empathy = Showing emotional understanding

Unconditional positive regard = providing nonjudgmental environment, through acceptance
Behaviour therapy (1), methods (2)
Whereas both psychodynamic and humanistic therapies are insight therapies (improve functioning through self awareness), behaviour therapy uses learning principles to reduce unwanted behaviours

Methods
- Operant conditioning
- Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning (1), concepts (2)
Used in behaviour therapy

Concepts
Behaviour modification = rewarding desired behaviours and punishing/ignoring unwanted behaviours

Ex: 5 year old kid, give candy when they stop temper tantrum, and take away toy when they begin temper tantrum

Token economies = earning tokens (ex: stars, coins) that can be traded for real rewards
Classical conditioning (1), concepts (2)
Used in behaviour therapy

Concepts
Aversive conditioning - Unwanted behaviour is associated with unpleasant feeling.
- Ex: ask them to take a nausea drug when they drink alcohol

Exposure therapy
- Treating anxieties by repeatedly exposing people to the (imaginary or actual) things they fear
Exposure therapy (1), concepts (2)
- Treating anxieties by repeatedly exposing people to the (imaginary or actual) things they fear

Systematic desensitization
- Uses relaxation techniques and a fear hierarchy to help people react calmly to a feared stimulus
- Ex: list of things progressively more difficult such as phobia

Virtual reality therapy - Involves exposure to graphic simulations
- Ex: military scenario PTSD
Cognitive therapy (3), methods (3), examples (2)
- Teach people more adaptive ways of thinking
- Gentle questioning seeks to reveal irrational thinking and then to modify negative self-talk
-As a therapist you want to find out if the individuals thinking is valid or not, and if not you want to correct the irrational thinking

Types
Reveal beliefs
- Question your interpretations
- Rank thoughts and emotions

Test beliefs
- Examine consequences
- Catastrophize thinking

Change beliefs
- Take appropriate responsibility
- Resist extremes

Example
- "Do you think failing one exam will ruin your own life?"
- "Do you think that everyone is actual watching and judging you?"
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (1), example (1)
An integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

Example
- Someone has anxiety with asking a girl out. Ask them "do you think everyone will reject you?" and you also build their social skills and get them to work on communication behaviour
Sets found in the same folder