psych ch.13

A recent immigration to Canada has been having some problems in living and after some initial hesitation, decides to see a therapist for some assistance. After the interview, the therapist makes a particular diagnosis and is discussing that case with a colleague when the colleague raises some concerns. She points out that the therapist may need to reconsider his diagnosis because the behaviours involved are much more common and are even considered "normal" in the country from which the person came. The view of the colleague are MOST CONSISTENT with the ___ perspective on psychological disorders.
a. Sociocultural
b. Behavioural
c. Biological
d. Cognitive
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A recent immigration to Canada has been having some problems in living and after some initial hesitation, decides to see a therapist for some assistance. After the interview, the therapist makes a particular diagnosis and is discussing that case with a colleague when the colleague raises some concerns. She points out that the therapist may need to reconsider his diagnosis because the behaviours involved are much more common and are even considered "normal" in the country from which the person came. The view of the colleague are MOST CONSISTENT with the ___ perspective on psychological disorders.
a. Sociocultural
b. Behavioural
c. Biological
d. Cognitive
a. Sociocultural
Sara lost both of her parents when she was a young child. Primarily because4 of this historical factor, she develops and anxiety disorder when she learns that the life of her best friend is threatened with cancer. This example provides the best illustration of:
a. Learned helplessness
b. The vulnerability-stress model
c. The demonological model
d. The trauma dissociation model
b. The vulnerability-stress model
The serial murderer Paul Bernardo had a charismatic personality and felt no remorse or sympathy for his victims. These characteristics best typify which disorder?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Dissociative identity disorder
d. Anti-social personality disorder
d. Anti-social personality disorder
Roger is tense and anxious almost every day. Though he is frequently worried and often has the sense that something bad is about to happen, he can't relate his anxiety to any particular setting or situation. He has difficulty getting restful sleep at night and often takes antacids for his upset stomach. Roger would MOST LIKELY be diagnosed as having:
a. Social phobia
b. An environmental or situational phobia
c. Generalized anxiety disorder
d. Post-traumatic stress disorder
c. Generalized anxiety disorder
Annette is very afraid of germs and disease, so much so that she washes her hands over 100 times a day to make sure that she can avoid infection. Usually she doesn't show much anxiety but if she is in a place where she is unable to clean her hands, such as the wilderness, she can become very distressed and upset. Annette would most likely be diagnosed as having:
a. Obsessive compulsive disorder
b. Schizophrenia with paranoid symptoms
c. Generalized anxiety
d. A health-related phobia
a. Obsessive compulsive disorder
Research conducted with people suffering from panic disorder has revealed that these individuals may possess abnormally low levels of ___ that can trigger increased brain activity in the __ areas
of the brain.
a. Dopamine; right
b. GABA; arousal
c. Lactic acid; left
d. Epinephrine; temporal
b. GABA; arousal
Steve has a rather strong fear of social situations He used to try to go to parties and other social events but his anxiety would usually overwhelm him. When experiencing these negative emotions, he would often leave parties early, a behaviour that allowed him to reduce or eliminate his anxiety. According to the principles of operant conditioning, Steve's escape behaviour is being ___ and this means that it will be more likely to occur in the future.
a. Positively reinforced
b. Negatively reinforced
c. Aversively punished
d. Response-cost punished
b. Negatively reinforced
A person with a euphoric mood, a decreased need for sleep, and grandiose or exaggerated cognitions would MOST LIKELY be diagnosed as having ___.
a. Psychogenic fugue
b. Schizophrenia
c. Major depression
d. Mania
d. Mania
Martin Seligman has theorized that an increased focus on individuality and personal control and a
loss of interest in traditional family and religious values have combined to produce a dramatic increase in __ since 1960.
a. Dissociative identity disorder
b. Schizophrenia
c. Anxiety disorders
d. Depression
d. Depression
Jane has recently managed to earn a spot on her highly competitive basketball team. Research on
psychological disorders suggests that if Jane is depressed, she will attribute her success to ___ while if she is not depressed, she will mostly likely attribute her achievement to __.
a. External factors ; external factors
b. External factors ; personal factors
c. Personal factors ; external factors
d. Personal factors ; personal factors
b. External factors ; personal factors
All of the following are different types of somatic symptom disorders (DSM-IV somatoform disorder) except ___: a. Conversion disorder b. Psychogenic fugue c. Hypochondriasis d. Pain disorder.b. Psychogenic fugueAfter surviving a particularly violent tornado, Dean experiences a selective memory loss for specific traumatic events that occurred just before and during the disaster. Other than those specific memory losses, Dean's personality and subject sense of identity are essentially unchanged. Dean is MOST LIKELY to be diagnosed with: a. Psychogenic fugue b. Dissociative identity disorder c. Schizophrenia with disorganized features d. Psychogenic amnesia.d. Psychogenic amnesia.Many Vietnam veterans came back from the war suffering from a great deal of stress and anxiety. Psychiatrists would likely note that the stressful episodes the soldiers encountered during the war contribute to their current concerns about anxiety. The disorder that most approximates the problems of these soldiers is known as ___. a. Post-traumatic stress disorder b. Borderline personality disorder c. Schizotypal personality disorder d. Panic disordera. Post-traumatic stress disorderA functional MRI study by Ross and co-workers at UBC found that, compared to criminal non-psychopaths and non-criminal control subjects, criminal psychophaths: a. Had greater left-hemisphere activation b. Were more physiologically aroused c. Had less activity in the occipital region d. Had weaker limbic input to the frontal cortexd. Had weaker limbic input to the frontal cortexHow positively or negatively we feel about ourselves is called: a. Self-esteem b. Self-verification c. Self-enhancement d. Self-actualizationa. Self-esteemSymptoms of schizophrenia include all of the following except: a. Delusions of grandeur b. Disturbances of affect c. Distortions of perceptions d. Multiple personalities.d. Multiple personalities.Santa, trying to hurry through his rounds this Christmas Eve so that he can hurry home and let some home-cooked lovin' from Mrs. Claus, worries about staying clean because of all of those leaps down people's dirty chimneys. He also worries about smelling bad for Mrs. Claus because of all of the time he's spending around those reindeer. Thus, in every house that Santa delivers presents he takes a shower and helps himself to some cologne. If this behavior persists in Santa's daily life over the next year, Dr. Jack Frost is likely to diagnose Santa as having: a. Generalized anxiety disorder b. Obsessive-compulsive disorder c. A panic disorder d. Bipolar depressionb. Obsessive-compulsive disorderWhen clinicians agree in their diagnostic decisions, ___ has been established. a. validity b. Reliability c. DSM-IV d. Axis V of DSM-IVb. ReliabilityCompetency is: a. A type of anxiety disorder b. A term that refers to the defendant's state of mind at the time of a judicial hearing c. The same thing as insanity d. A type of dissociative disorderb. A term that refers to the defendant's state of mind at the time of a judicial hearingA fear of public spaces is called: a. Social phobia b. Specific phobia c. Generalized anxiety disorder d. agoraphobiad. agoraphobiaAccording to Freud, neurotic anxiety occurs when: a. The ego uses defence mechanisms b. Unacceptable impulses threaten to overwhelm the ego's defences c. A child reaches the oral stage of psychosexual development d. A person experiences a panic attack.b. Unacceptable impulses threaten to overwhelm the ego's defencesBack in the 1970s, Texas Ranger pitcher Rogelio Moret suddenly became extremely rigid, not moving a muscle, one day in spring training. Moret was subsequently found to have schizophrenia and had to retire from baseball. According to the DSM-V, Moret would be diagnosed with schizophrenia with _____ symptoms. a. Paranoid b. Disorganized c. Catatonic d. Undifferentiated.c. CatatonicBeck's depressive triad of negative thoughts concerns all of the following except: a. The world b. Oneself c. The future d. One's parentsd. One's parentsRosita has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and shows almost no emotion compared to most people. She tends to speak in a monotonous voice and has an impassive face. Rosita could best be described as having ___ affect. a. Flat b. Inappropriate c. Repressive d. Retardeda. FlatThe Grinch regularly steals everyone's Christmas presents, puts the stockings on his own feet, tells impressionable children that department store Santas aren't actually the real thing, rips decorations of Christmas trees, and buys up all the local Christmas turkeys to use in place of bowling balls on his weekly bowling night. During all of these escapades, the Grinch feels no remorse whatsoever for his actions, despite the angry mobs that descend on his humble abode. We might most likely diagnose the Grinch as suffering from: a. Schizophrenia with catatonic symptoms b. Residual schizophrenia c. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder d. Antisocial personality disorder.d. Antisocial personality disorder.