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Oral Disease with Immunological Pathogenesis

Terms in this set (29)

Apthous ulcer (canker sore)
most common seen ulceration affecting non keratinized tissue.
What are the three forms of recurrent apthous ulcers?
1. Minor
2. Major
3. Herpetiform

Classification is determined by the size of the lesion and the dispersion
Minor Apthous Ulcer
- most common type of recurring ulcer
- predomal period: 1-2 days
Major Aphthous Ulcers (Sutton's disease)
- largest of the 3 types
- ulcers are crater form with irregular borders
- pain is severe with a depressed necrotic center
Herpetiform Aphthous Ulcers
- least common of recurrent aphthous ulcers
- occurs in groups of 10 and more in cluster formation of anywhere from 10 to 100 at any time.
- treat with liquid tetracycline
Uticaria (Hives)
localized multiple areas of well-demarcated swelling of the skin accompanied by pruritis (itching)
Angioedema
- appears as diffuse swelling of tissue caused by the permeability of deeper blood vessels
Erythema Multiforme (2)
- called erythema multiforme because it refers to the "multiple forms" that it appears.

Erythema multiforme = Minor
Steven-Johnston Syndrome = Severe
What is the appearance of Erythema Multiforme minor?
-Skin lesion called Target, Iris, or bull's eye lesion
- concentric rings of erythema alternating with normal skin colour.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- most SEVERE form of EM.
- medications are thought to be main causative factor: antibiotics, NSAIDS, anti-seizure meds
-life threatening, pallative but short-term
Contact Mucositis
-local reaction from direct contact of an allergen with mucosa
Dermatitis
- lesions may be erythematous with swelling and vesicles
- area then becomes encrusted with scaly, white epidermis
Lichen Planus
- benign, chronic inflammatory disease affecting skin and oral mucosa
- seen in middle age women slightly more than in middle age men
Reticular (Wickham Straie)
- MOST COMMON type of Lichen Planus
- several white lines and tiny papules arranged in lacy, WEB-LIKE PATTERN; asymptomatic
Erosive and bullous lichen planus
- the epithelium surface is completely lost and results in erosion
- mature lesion has irregular borders; is red, raw and ulcerative
- YELLOW NECROTIC CENTRE with a white patch at periphery (painful)
Desquamative gingivitis (clinical desription)
Tissues appear fiery red, raw, glazed, may have ulcerations and desquamation of the free and attached gingiva, usually expression of a distinct-systemic disease, such as oral lichen planus.
Reactive Arthritis (Reiter's Syndrome)
"Can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree"
- •Comprises the triad of 3 features 1) arthritis, 2) conjunctivitis and 3)urethritis
- oral manifestations: based on clinical signs and symptoms along with (HLA-B27) antigenic marker
What are the three forms of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis?
1. Letterer-Siwe disease
2. Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
3. Solitary eosinophilic granuloma
Letterer-Siwe Disease
- affects children under 3 yrs of age
- may include ear infections, lymphadenopathy, fever, anemia, bone lesions and other infections
- prognosis is poor: even with aggressive chemotherapy, the 5-year survival is only 50%.
Hand-Schuller Christian Disease
- occurs in children under 5 yrs.
- •A classic triad of symptoms may occur in 25% of patients which include punched out radiolucent areas in the skull or jawbone caused by collections of macrophages, exophthalmos (bulging eyes) and diabetes insipidus
- Mimicks advanced perio
Eosinophilic granuloma
- least severe of the 3 conditions
- affects older children and young
adults- men most often
- slow, localized, progressive disease characterized by proliferation of langermans cells
- most commonly located in posterior of mandible resulting in displaced teeth or fractures (floating teeth)- resembles perio
Sjogren's Syndrome
- autoimmune disorder, decreased saliva and tears
- Symptoms: affects the SALIVARY and LACRIMAL glands; XEROSTOMIA and XEROPHTHALMIA (dry mouth/dry eyes)
-This combination is called : Sicca Syndrome
Primary Sjogren's syndrome
lacrimal and salivary gland involvement alone
Secondary Sjogren's syndrome
combined with another autoimmune disease
Systemic Lupus Erythematous
- ACUTE and CHRONIC inflammatory autoimmune disease of body's connective tissue. Affects tissues throughout body but the cause is unknown
- Classified into 2 groups: Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (chronic form 70% of cases), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (acute form 10% of cases)
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Characterized by intraepithelial vesicle formation from a breakdown of cellular adhesion between epithelial cells.
Oral Lesions of Pemphigus Vulgaris
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
- also called cicatricial pemphigoid and benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
Bullous Pemphigoid
- similar to Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid however skin lesions
usually occur first
- oral lesions less common in Bullous Pemphigoid: desquamative
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