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Aerobic Respiration

Terms in this set (20)

ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
low-energy molecule that can be converted to ATP
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Respiration
The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain.
Cytoplasm
Where glycolysis takes place
stages of respiration
glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain
Glycolysis
the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.
Glucose
the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.
Pyruvate
Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis
NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
A Lowe energy coenzyme that carries protons or electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to the electron transport chain
NADH
the reduced form of NAD+; an electron-carrying molecule that functions in cellular respiration
pyruvate oxidation
Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and CO2 that occurs in the mitochondrial matrix in the presence of O2.
Acety CoA
The molecule that enters the krebs cycle
Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria. Produced 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2 per glucose
NADH and FADH2
high energy electron carrier(s) after reduction in cellular respiration (after they pick up electrons from Kreb's cycle)
electon transport chain
a series of redox reactions indirectly involved in the production of ATP.
ATP synthase
Large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP
mitochondrial matrix
the fluid that is inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
phosphorylation
the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule
substrate-level phosphorylation
When an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule.
oxidative phosphorylation
Requires oxygen as an electron acceptor. Produces 32 ATP
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