Naming Carbon Chains

Alkane
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Terms in this set (16)
Alkane
Is a carbon chain with all single bonds, no double or triple bonds. Name is ended with -ane. The picture is ethane.
Image: Alkane
Alkene
Is a carbon chain with a double bond. Name is ended with -ene. The picture is 1-ethene
Image: Alkene
Alkyne
Is a carbon chain with a triple bond. Name is ended with -yne. Picture is 1-ethyne.
Image: Alkyne
Cyclo compounds
Carbons that form a ring. Name has cyclo. Picture is cyclo pentane.
Image: Cyclo compounds
Hydrocarbon
Composed of hydrogen (hydro) and carbon (carbon). Is named like any other
Image: Hydrocarbon
aromatic carbons
Ends in -Benzene, such as diethyl Benzene Also is a shape with a circle in the middle.
Image: aromatic carbons
Alcohol
Carbon chain followed by an O and an H (C-C-C-O-H) Name is ended with -anol. The O is the start of the chain, and the carbons are the "apples". The picture is methanol
Image: Alcohol
Halogenoalkanes
Carbon chain with followed by F, Cl, B, or I. The name is ended according to the element. F - floro. Cl - chloro. B - bromo. I - ido. This picture is 1,4-di chloro pentane.
Image: Halogenoalkanes
Amines
Carbon chain with nitrogen within the chain, that's all. Name ends with -amine. Ex. this picture is methylamine because the N is the start of the chain, and all carbons are considered "Apples"
Image: Amines
Ether
Has an oxygen in the chain. The chain starts at the O. Ex. The picture is dimethyl ether.
Image: Ether
Carbonyl GroupIs a O that has a double bond to a C. (C-C-C=O). . Is not a family.AldehydeAlways has a carbonyl at the end. (C-C-C=O)Name always ends with -anal. The picture is ethanol.KeytoneIs like a Aldehyde, but the carbonyl is in the middle of the chain instead of at the end. Name ends with -anone. The picture is 2-propanone, but the (2-) is not needed.Carboxylic AcidEnds with a double bonded O and an (-O-H). Ex. O = C-O-H Is named with an -anoic acid at the end. Picture is ethanoic acid.EsterIs identified by a double bonded O followed by a single bonded O. Is always in the middle of the chain.AmideAlways has a carbon with a double bonded O followed by an N. Has -amide at the end of the name. The picture is ethyl amide, because this is also a chain where the N is considered the starting point, and the C-C is considered an "apple"