A dentist's mirror is placed 2.0 cm from a tooth. The enlarged image is located 5.6 cm behind the mirror. (a) What kind of mirror (plane, concave, or convex) is being used? (b) Determine the focal length of the mirror. (c) What is the magnification? (d) How is the image oriented relative to the object?

A dentist uses a curved mirror to view the back side of teeth on the upper jaw. Suppose she wants an erect image with a magnification of $2.0$ when the mirror is $1.2 \mathrm{~cm}$ from a tooth. (Treat this problem as though the object and image lie along a straight line.) Use ray tracing to decide whether a converging or diverging mirror is needed, and to estimate its focal length.

The outside mirror on the passenger side of a car is convex and has a focal length of -7.0 m. Relative to this mirror, a truck traveling in the rear has an object distance of 11 m. Find (a) the image distance of the truck and (b) the magnification of the mirror.

A section of a sphere has a radius of curvature of $0.72 \mathrm{~m}$. If this section is painted with a reflective coating on both sides, what is the focal length of (a) the convex side and (b) the concave side?

A section of a sphere has a radius of curvature of $0.86 \mathrm{~m}$. If this section is painted with a reflective coating on both sides, what is the focal length of the convex side?

A section of a spherical shell has a radius of curvature of 0.86 m. If this section is painted with a reflective coating on both sides, what is the focal length of (a) the convex side and (b) the concave side?

The eyes of amphibians such as frogs have a much flatter cornea but a more strongly curved (almost spherical) lens than do the eyes of air-dwelling mammals. In mammalian eyes, the shape (and therefore the focal length) of the lens changes to enable the eye to focus at different distances. In amphibian eyes, the shape of the lens doesn’t change. Amphibians focus on objects at different distances by using specialized muscles to move the lens closer to or farther from the retina, like the focusing mechanism of a camera. In air, most frogs are nearsighted; correcting the distance vision of a typical frog in air would require contact lenses with a power of about –6.0 D. A frog can see an insect clearly at a distance of 10 cm. At that point the effective distance from the lens to the retina is 8 mm. If the insect moves 5 cm farther from the frog, by how much and in which direction does the lens of the frog’s eye have to move to keep the insect in focus? (a) 0.02 cm, toward the retina; (b) 0.02 cm, away from the retina; (c) 0.06 cm, toward the retina; (d) 0.06 cm, away from the retina.

When viewed in a spherical mirror, the image of a setting sun is a virtual image. The image lies 12.0 cm behind the mirror. (a) Is the mirror concave or convex? Why? (b) What is the radius of curvature of the mirror?

Starting 3.5 m from a department store mirror, Suzanne walks toward the mirror at 1.5 m/s for 2.0 s. How far is Suzanne from her image in the mirror after 2.0 s?

A light ray travels inside a block of sodium fluoride that has index of refraction $n=1.33$ as shown in Figure below. The ray strikes the vertical wall at the critical angle, totally reflects, and then emerges into the air above the block. What is the angle $\theta_{2}$ at which the ray emerges?

A friend is standing 2 m in front of a plane mirror. You are standing 3 m directly behind your friend. What is the distance between you and the image of your friend? (a) 2 m (b) 3 m (c) 5 m (d) 7 m (e) 10 m

When you look at the back side of a shiny teaspoon held at arm's length, do you see yourself upright or upside down?

An object is placed between the focal point and the center of curvature of a concave mirror. The object is then moved closer to the mirror, but still remains between the focal point and the center of curvature. Do the magnitudes of (a) the image distance and (b) the image height become larger or smaller?

The mirror in the figure deflects a horizontal laser beam by $60\degree$. What is the angle $\theta$?