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A drawer contains 6 red socks, 4 green socks, and 2 black socks. Two socks are chosen at random. What is the probability that they match?

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DEFINITIONS

Fundamental counting principle: If one event can occur in mm ways and a second event can occur in nn ways, the number of ways the two events can occur in sequence is then mnm\cdot n.

Definition multinomial coefficients: The number of ways in which ways nn objects can be grouped into rr classes with nin_i the size of the iith class are

(nn1n2....nr)=n!n1!n2!...nr!\left(\begin{matrix}n \\ n_1\: n_2 \: .... \: n_r\end{matrix}\right)=\dfrac{n!}{n_1!n_2!...n_r!}

Definition permutation (order is important):

Pn,r=n!(nr)!P_{n,r}=\dfrac{n!}{(n-r)!}

Definition combination (order is not important):

Cn,r=(nr)=n!r!(nr)!C_{n,r}=\left(\begin{matrix}n\\ r\end{matrix}\right)=\dfrac{n!}{r!(n-r)!}

with n!=n(n1)...21n!=n\cdot (n-1)\cdot ...\cdot 2\cdot 1.

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