A eukaryotic donor gene is likely to be expressed in a prokaryotic host organism if (a) the donor gene is a promoter gene (b) the donor gene is transferred along with the genes that turn it on $(c)$ the donor gene is placed beside a gene that is not expressed (d) all of these.

What is recombinant DNA?

In the past, breeders developed new plant and animal varieties by selecting an organism with desirable traits, breeding it with another organism with similar traits, and then breeding the offspring so that the desirable traits would be passed on to the strain. Write an advantage and a disadvantage of genetic engineering techniques over traditional breeding techniques.

What is genetic engineering?

What are DNA fingerprints, and discuss the accuracy of using DNA fingerprints to establish relatedness.

Write two types of medical products that can be produced using DNA technology.

Which is not true of the cell cycle?a. The cell cycle is controlled by internal/external signals.b. Cyclin is a signaling molcule that increases and decreases as the cycle continues.c. DNA damage can stop the cell cycle at the $G_1$ checkpoint.d. Apoptosis occurs frequently during the cell cycle.

What normal role do restriction enzymes play in bacteria? How do bacteria protect their own DNA from the action of restriction enzymes?

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Latex allergy in health care workers. Health care workers who use latex gloves with glove powder on a daily basis are particularly susceptible to developing a latex allergy. Each in a sample of 46 hospital employees who were diagnosed with latex allergy based on a skin-prick test reported on their exposure to latex gloves (Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology, March 2004). Summary statistics for the number of latex gloves used per week are $\bar{x}=19.3$, $s=11.9$. Give a practical interpretation of the interval, part b.

A pink-flowering plant is of genotype RW. If two such plants are crossed, we obtain a red plant (RR) with probability .25, a pink plant (RW or WR) with probability .50, and a white plant (WW) with probability .25, as shown in the table. What is the expected number of W genes present in a crossing of this type?

$$\begin{matrix} \text{Number of W Genes Present} & \text{}\\ \text{}{x_{i}} & \text{}{p_{i}}\\ \text{0} & \text{.25}\\ \text{1} & \text{.50}\\ \text{2} & \text{.25}\\ \end{matrix}$$

Two organisms, with genotypes BbDD and BBDd, are mated. Assuming independent assortment of the B/b and D/d genes, write the genotypes of all possible offspring from this cross and use the rules of probability to calculate the chance of each genotype occurring.

The genotype of $\mathrm{F}_1$ individuals in a tetrahybrid cross is AaBbCcDd. Assuming independent assortment of these four genes, what are the probabilities that $\mathrm{F}_2$ offspring will have the following genotypes?

(a) aabbccdd

(b) AaBbCcDd

(c) AABBCCDD

(d) AaBBccDd

(e) AaBBCCdd

Predict the level of transcription of the trp operon genes (low or high) in the presence of low levels of tryptophan in Escherichia coli cells bearing an in-frame deletion of the two trp codons that are usually found in the leader peptide. Explain your answer.