A furnace for processing semiconductor materials is formed by a silicon carbide chamber that is zone-heated on the top section and cooled on the lower section. With the elevator in the lowest position, a robot arm inserts the silicon wafer on the mounting pins. In a production operation, the wafer is rapidly moved toward the hot zone to achieve the temperature-time history required for the process recipe. In this position, the top and bottom surfaces of the wafer exchange radiation with the hot and cool zones, respectively, of the chamber. The zone temperatures are $T_{h}=1500 \mathrm{K}$ and $T_{c}=330 \mathrm{K}$, and the emissivity and thickness of the wafer are $\varepsilon=0.65$ and d=0.78 mm, respectively. With the ambient gas at $T_{\infty}=700 \mathrm{K}$, convection coefficients at the upper and lower surfaces of the wafer are 8 and $4 \mathrm{W} / \mathrm{m}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{K}$, respectively. The silicon wafer has a density of $2700 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}$ and a specific heat of $875 \mathrm{J} / \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{K}$. (a) For an initial condition corresponding to a wafer temperature of $T_{w, i}=300 \mathrm{K}$ and the position of the wafer shown schematically, determine the corresponding time rate of change of the wafer temperature, $\left(d T_{w} / d t\right)_{i}$. (b) Determine the steady-state temperature reached by the wafer if it remains in this position. How significant is convection heat transfer for this situation? Sketch how you would expect the wafer temperature to vary as a function of vertical distance.

"The Fountains of Bellagio" is a choreographed water display set to light and music that takes place in front of the Bellagio Hotel in Las Vegas. In the evening, the shows take place every 15 min from 7 p.m. to midnight. The duration of each show is 7 min. If Joan arrives at a random time between 7 P.M. and 7:15 P.M. for an evening show and finds the fountains not performing, find the probability that Joan will have to wait at most 5 min before the next show starts.

The exhaust gases of an automotive engine leave the combustion chamber and enter a 8-ft-long and 3.5-in-diameter thin-walled steel exhaust pipe at $800^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$ and 15.5 psia at a rate of 0.05 lbm/s. The surrounding ambient air is at a temperature of $80^{\circ} \mathrm{F},$ and the heat transfer coefficient on the outer surface of the exhaust pipe is $3 \quad \mathrm{Btu} / \mathrm{h} \cdot \mathrm{ft}^{2} \cdot^{\circ} \mathrm{F}.$ Assuming the exhaust gases to have the properties of air, determine (a) the velocity of the exhaust gases at the inlet of the exhaust pipe and (b) the temperature at which the exhaust gases will leave the pipe and enter the air.

After each of the following sentences is a verb in parentheses. Revise each sentence by forming a present or past participle and inserting it above the caret next to the noun it modifies.

Example 1. $\overset{\textit{\color{#c34632}{inspired~~~~}}}{{\text{Some}{_\wedge}\text{performers}}}$ performers really get an audience cheering. (inspire)

Once, Beethoven became so involved in the music that he accidentally jostled a boy whose job was to hold a candle, knocking the candlestick out of the $_\land$ boy’s hand. (embarrass)

An air-conditioning system involves the mixing of cold air and warm outdoor air before the mixture is routed to the conditioned room in steady operation. Cold air enters the mixing chamber at $5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and $105 \mathrm{~kPa}$ at a rate of $1.25 \mathrm{~m}^{3} / \mathrm{s}$ while warm air enters at $34^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and $105 \mathrm{~kPa}$. The air leaves the room at $24^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The ratio of the mass flow rates of the hot to cold air streams is $1.6$. Using variable specific heats, determine $(a)$ the mixture temperature at the inlet of the room and $(b)$ the rate of heat gain of the room.

John has played his music loudly for years. Now, in his 20s, he finds he has a continuous ringing in both of his ears. What would John probably be diagnosed with?

a. Tinnitus, which is a nerve-based disorder that has no permanent cure. b. Conduction-based hearing impairment; however, hearing aids may be able to help. c. Damage to the pinna, which can be corrected with surgery. d. Regardless of the disorder, John will ultimately require a cochlear implant.

You are working in a laboratory that studies the effects of currents in various crystals. One of the experiments involves a requirement for a steady current of I = 0.500 A in a wire that delivers the current to the crystal. Both the wire and the crystal are in a chamber whose interior temperature T will vary from $-40.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $150^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The wire is made of tungsten and is of length L = 25.0 cm and radius r = 1.00 mm A test run is being made before the crystal is added to the circuit. Your supervisor asks you to determine the range of voltages that must be supplied to the wire in the test run to maintain its current at 0.500 A.

Consider a thin 16-cm-long and 20-cm-wide horizontal plate suspended in air at $20^\circ C.$ The plate is equipped with electric resistance heating elements with a rating of 20 W. Now the heater is turned on and the plate temperature rises. Determine the temperature of the plate when steady operating conditions are reached. The plate has an emissivity of 0.90 and the surrounding surfaces are at $17^\circ C.$ As an initial guess, assume a surface temperature of $50^\circ C.$ Is this a good assumption?

Evaluate each of the following statements about chest tube drainage systems. Enter “T” for true or “F” for false. Discuss why the false statements are incorrect.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $1$. It is the height of the column of water in the suction control mechanism, not the setting of the suction source, that actually limits the amount of suction transmitted to the pleural cavity.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $2$. A suction pressure of $+20$ cm $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ is commonly recommended for adults.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $3$. Bubbling in the water-seal chamber usually means that air is leaking from the lungs, the tubing, or the insertion site.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $4$. The rise and fall of the water level with the patient's respirations reflect normal pressure changes in the pleural cavity with respirations.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $5$. The chamber is a closed system; therefore, water cannot evaporate.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $6$. To declot the drainage tubing, put lotion on your hands, compress the tubing, and vigorously strip long segments of the tubing before releasing.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $7$. You lower the bed on top of the drainage system and break it. You immediately clamp the chest tube, leaving it clamped until you can reestablish the drainage system.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $8$. The chest tube becomes disconnected from the drainage system. Because you noted an air leak from the lung during your initial assessment, you can submerge the chest tube $1$ to $2$ inches below the surface of a $250$ mL bottle of sterile saline or water.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $9$. The collection chamber is full, so you need to connect a new drainage system to the chest tube. It is appropriate to momentarily clamp the chest tube while you disconnect the old system and reconnect the new.

$\underline{\phantom{\text{xxx}}}$ $10$. The drainage system falls over, spilling the chest drainage into the other drainage columns. The total amount of drainage can be obtained by adding the amount of drainage in each of the columns.

A recent study of perfect pitch tested students in American music conservatories. It found that 7% of 1700 non-Asian and 32% of 1000 Asian students have perfect pitch. A test of the difference in proportions resulted in a P-value of < 0.0001. a) What are the researchers’ null and alternative hypotheses? b) State your conclusion. c) Explain in this context what the P-value means. d) The researchers claimed that the data prove that genetic differences between the two populations cause a difference in the frequency of occurrence of perfect pitch. Do you agree? Why or why not?

A constant-volume tank contains a mixture of $\mathrm{I} \mathrm{~kmol}$ of benzene $\left(\mathrm{C}_{0} \mathrm{H}_{0}\right)$ gas and $30$ percent excess air at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and $1 \mathrm{~atm}$. The contents of the tank are now ignited, and all the hydrogen in the fuel burns to $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ but only $92$ percent of the carbon burns to $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$, the remaining $8$ percent forming $\mathrm{CO}$. If the final temperature in the tank is $1000 \mathrm{~K}$, Find the heat transfer from the combustion chamber during this process.

The table shows the prices of items at a used book. movie, and music store.

$$\begin{array} { | c | c | } \hline \text { Item } & { \text { Price } } \\ \hline \text { Paperback } & { \$ 4.50 } \\ \hline \text { Hard cover } & { \$ 8.00 } \\ \hline D V D & { \$ 9.50 } \\ \hline C D & { \$ 7.00 } \\ \hline \end{array}$$

Michael has a $30 gift card. He used it to buy 2 DVDs and a hard cover book. What percent of the amount on the gift card did Michael spend?

Personification is a form of figurative language in which human qualities are given to nonhuman things. This poem retells the myth of Orpheus. extending the use of personification present in the original story. Reread the poem and take notes on ways in which the poet uses personification.

(a) Note specific details in the poem that reflect the personified speaker's way of understanding Orpheus, music, and the world in general. Explain each choice. (b) Over the course of the poem, how does that understanding change but remain true to the speaker's perspective? Explain.

A music school Terry is interested in is offering a special for new students. If Terry enrolls in 2 classes, he has to pay a fee in addition to the price of classes for a total of $18. If he decides to take 6 classes, the fee is subtracted from his total for a total of $38. Follow the steps below to lind the cost of each class and the price of the fee.

Use the information in the table to write a system of equations.