A percentage decline in FEV1 and FVC (to <80% of normal) are indicators of impaired lung function, e.g. in asthma: (a) Explain why a forced volume is a more useful indicator of lung function than tidal volume: (b) Asthma is treated with drugs to relax the airways. Suggest how spirometry could be used during asthma treatment:

Explain control of the basic rhythm of breathing.

What do these symptoms describe?

• Restrictive dysfunction
• Reduced FVC and reduced FEV 1
• Normal to high FEV1/FVC ratio
• Reduced DLCO (Diffusing Capacity for Carbon Monoxide)

A nurse is preparing to provide a patient with instructions for how to perform incentive spirometry. The patient will likely have incisional pain after returning from an elective colon resection. Which of the following steps for incentive spirometry is the patient likely to have the most difficulty performing? (Select all that apply.)

1. Assuming semi-Fowler's or high-Fowler's position
2. Setting the incentive spirometer device scale at the volume level to be attained
3. Placing the mouthpiece of the incentive spirometer so lips completely cover the mouthpiece
4. Inhaling slowly while maintaining constant flow through unit until it reaches goal volume
5. Breathing normally for a short period between each of the 10 breaths on incentive spirometry
6. Ending with two coughs after the end of 10 incentive spirometry breaths hourly

Using the steps described on the previous page, write a summary of the previous paragraph.

Name and describe the anatomy of the lungs, including their blood supply and lymphatic drainage.

Select the letter of the choice that best completes the statement. A respiratory disease that has shown an increase in the past few years is: (a.) asthma (b.) asbestosis (c.) COPD (d.) pertussis

Discuss the gross anatomy of the lungs and their spatial relationships with other thoracic structures.

an incentive

To address a reader's concern that exercising with asthma could be dangerous, the writer could A. provide an expert opinion on how exercising with asthma is helpful B. tell readers to do more research C. tell non-asthmatic readers that they shouldn't be concerned D. provide a list of professional athletes from all sports

Determine if the following statement are false, and briefly explain why.
Spirometry is a clinical technique for measuring a person's pulmonary functions.

Babies born prematurely are often deficient in surfactant. This causes respiratory distress syndrome; a condition where breathing is very difficult. From what you know about the role of surfactant, explain the symptoms of this syndrome:

Which of the following measures would most likely successfully reduce pleuritic chest pain in a client with pneumonia?

A. Encourage the client to breathe shallowly.

B. Have the client practice abdominal breathing.

C. Offer the client incentive spirometry.

D. Teach the client to splint the rib cage when coughing.

Find the difference.

$$\frac{7}{5t} - \frac{3 + t}{5t}$$