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A plane gate of uniform thickness holds back a depth of water as shown. Find the minimum weight needed to keep the gate closed.

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The hydrostatic force acting on the gate by

F=ρgAxˉ\begin{equation} F=\rho g A \bar{x} \end{equation}

where ρ\rho is the water density, gg is the gravity acceleration, AA is the gate area, xˉ\bar{x} is the vertical distance between centroid of the gate from the free surface. The gate area can be calculated as

A=L×w\begin{equation} A=L \times w \end{equation}

where LL is the length of the plate and ww is the plate width. We substitute 3 m3 \mathrm{~m} for LL and 2 m2 \mathrm{~m} for ww, so

A=3×2=6 m2\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} A &=3 \times 2 \\ &=6 \mathrm{~m}^{2} \end{aligned} \end{equation}

The centroid of the plate from the free surface can be calculated with

xˉ=L2sinθ\begin{equation} \bar{x}=\frac{L}{2} \sin \theta \end{equation}

and by replacing 3 m3 \mathrm{~m} for LL and 3030^{\circ} for θ\theta, we have

xˉ=32×sin30=0.75 m\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} \bar{x} &=\frac{3}{2} \times \sin 30^{\circ} \\ &=0.75 \mathrm{~m} \end{aligned} \end{equation}

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