If an organism's body cells have 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will the sex cells have? Explain your answer.

The main developments in the Mesozoic Era were _____________.

In addition to the forms of invalid arguments, fallacious reasoning occurs in everyday logic. Some people use the fallacies described below to intentionally deceive. Others use fallacies innocently; they are not even aware they are using them. Match each description below with the example that illustrates the fallacy. The matching is one-to-one. Common Fallacies in Everyday Reasoning. a. The fallacy of emotion consists of appealing to emotion (pity, force, etc.) in an argument. b. The fallacy of inappropriate authority consists of claiming that a statement is true because a person cited as an authority says it’s true or because most people believe it’s true. c. The fallacy of hasty generalization occurs when an inductive generalization is made on the basis of a few observations or an unrepresentative sample. d. The fallacy of questionable cause consists of claiming that A caused B when it is known that A occurred before B. e. The fallacy of ambiguity occurs when the conclusion of an argument is based on a word or phrase that is used in two different ways in the premises. f. The fallacy of ignorance consists of claiming that a statement is true simply because it has not been proven false, or vice versa. g. The mischaracterization fallacy consists of misrepresenting an opponent’s position or attacking the opponent rather than that person’s ideas in order to refute his or her argument. h. The slippery slope fallacy occurs when an argument reasons without justification that an event will set off a series of events leading to an undesirable consequence. i. The either/or fallacy mistakenly presents only two solutions to a problem, negates one of these either/or alternatives, and concludes that the other must be true. j. The fallacy of begging the question assumes that the conclusion is true within the premises. k. The fallacy of composition occurs when an argument moves from premises about the parts of a group to a conclusion about the whole group. It also occurs when characteristics of an entire group are mistakenly applied to parts of the group. l. The fallacy of the complex question consists of drawing a conclusion from a self-incriminating question. Of course there are extraterrestrials. Haven’t you read that article in the National Enquirer about those UFOs spotted in Texas last month?