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A test has three parts. Part A consists of eight true-false questions, Part B consists of five multiple choice questions with five choices each, and Part C requires you to match five questions with five different answers one-to-one. Assuming that you make random guesses in filling out your answer sheet, what is the probability that you will earn 100% on the test? (Leave your answer as a formula.)
Solution
VerifiedRecall that the probability of an event in case all the outcomes are equally likely is
where is the sample space.
The sample space consists of all possible answer sheets to the test. Let's find the cardinality of using the following decision algorithm:
. Solve part A. There are 8 true-false questions. Each of them can be solved in 2 ways (either true or false). According to multiplication principle, there are ways to solve part A.
. Solve part B. There are 5 questions with 5 choices each. Each of them can be solved in 5 ways. According to multiplication principle, there are ways to solve part B.
. Solve part C. There are 5 question that need to be matched with 5 answers. There are possible ways to arrange 5 answers to fit the questions.
Using multiplication principle, we get
Let be the event that all the answers are correct. Obviously there is only one outcome in .
Using formula (1), we get
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