A university's financial aid office wants to know how much it can expect students to earn from summer employment. This information will be used in setting the level of financial aid. The population contains 3478 students who have completed at least one year of study but have not yet graduated. The university will send a questionnaire to an SRS of 100 of these students, drawn from an alphabetized list.

How much do students earn? A university's financial aid office wants to know how much it can expect students to eam from summer employment. This information will be used to set the level of financial aid. The population contains 3478 students who have completed at least one year of study but have not yet graduated. The university will send a questionnaire to an SRS of 100 of these students, drawn from an alphabetized list.

(a) Describe how you will label the students in order to select the sample.

(b) Use Table B, beginning at line 120, to select the first eight students in the sample.

A university's financial aid office wants to know how much it can expect students to earn from summer employment. This information will be used to set the level of financial aid. The population contains 3478 students who have completed at least one year of study but have not yet graduated. The university will send a questionnaire to an SRS of 100 of these students, drawn from an alphabetized list.

Describe how you will label the students in order to select the sample.

1. A Gallup poll asked, “In general, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the way things are going in your personal life at this time?” 84% of Americans answered "satisfied.” Interestingly, only 27% of Americans in the same survey said they were satisfied with the way things are going in the United States at this time. Gallup's report said, “Results are based on telephone interviews with 1027 national adults, aged 18 and older, conducted Dec. 6 - 9, 2007." (a) What is the population for this sample survey? (b) What is the sample size?

A radio talk show host invites listeners to call the show to express their opinions about a political issue. How reliable is this survey? Explain.

A university made a study of all students who completed the first two year of undergraduate work. The average first-year GPA was 3.1, and the SD was 0.4. The correlation between first-year and second-year GPA was 0.4. The scatter diagram was football shaped. Sally Davis was in the study. She had a first-year GPA of 3.5, and her second-year GPA was just about average--among those who had a first-year GPA of 3.5. What was her percentile rank on the second-year GPA, relative to all the students in the study? If this cannot be determined from the information given, say what else you need to know, and why.

A researcher wants to know if students who do not plan to apply for financial aid had more variability on the SAT I math test than those who plan to do so. She obtains a random sample of 35 students who do not plan to apply for financial aid and a random sample of 38 students who do plan to apply for financial aid and obtains the following results:

$$\begin{matrix} \text{Do Not Plan to Apply for Financial Aid} & \text{Plan to Apply for Financial Aid}\\ \text{}{n_1=35} & \text{}{n_2=38}\\ \text{}{s_1=123.1} & \text{}{s_2=119.4}\\ \end{matrix}$$

Do students who do not plan to apply for financial aid have a higher standard deviation on the SAT I math exam than students who plan to apply for financial aid at the $\alpha$=0.01 level of significance? SAT I math exam scores are known to be normally distributed.

During the previous calendar year, a county’s small claims court processed 870 cases. Describe how a simple random sample of size n = 50 might be selected from the case files to obtain information regarding the average award in such cases.

To gather data on a 1200-acre pine forest in Louisiana, the U.S. Forest Service laid a grid of 1410 equally spaced circular plots over a map of the forest. The Forest Service wants to visit a sample of 10% of these plots. Explain why it would be difficult to select an SRS of 10% of the plots using slips of paper.

Some people are now realizing the significance of population growth. Although this exercise treated the problem only in biological terms, the reality of population growth is much more complex because it involves many political, social, and economic problems. What are some of these problems? How do they affect you now? How will they affect you later in life (e.g., when you want to retire)?

The political business cycle refers to the possibility that:

a. incumbent politicians will be reelected regardless of the state of the economy.

b. politicians will manipulate the economy to enhance their chances of being reelected.

c. there is more inflation during Democratic administrations than during Republican administrations.

d. recessions coincide with election years.

Find the period, and graph the function. $y=\sec 2\left(x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)$

On a New York-to-Denver flight, $8\%$ of the 125 passengers were selected for random security screening prior to boarding. According to the Transportation Security Administration, 10% of airline passengers are chosen for random screening.

Aspirin and heart attacks. "Nearly five decades of research now link aspirin to the prevention of stroke and heart attacks." So says the Bayer Aspirin website, bayeraspirin.com. The most important evidence for this claim comes from the Physicians' Health Study, a large medical experiment involving 22,000 male physicians. One group of about 11,000 physicians took an aspirin every second day, while the rest took a placebo. After several years, the study found that subjects in the aspirin group had significantly fewer heart attacks than subjects in the placebo group.

(a) Identify the experimental subjects, the factor and its levels, and the response variable in the Physicians' Health Study.

(b) Use a diagram to outline a completely randomized design for the Physicians' Health Study.

(c) What does it mean to say that the aspirin group had "significantly fewer heart attacks"?